Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism (pronunciation: ter-she-er-ee hahy-per-par-uh-thahy-roi-diz-uhm) is a medical condition that involves the excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) after long-term secondary hyperparathyroidism and resulting in high blood calcium levels.
Etymology
The term "tertiary" is derived from the Latin word "tertiarius," meaning "of third rank," and "hyperparathyroidism" is a combination of the Greek words "hyper" (over), "para" (beside), "thyroid" (shield), and "ism" (condition). This term refers to the third stage of a condition affecting the parathyroid glands, which are located next to the thyroid gland.
Symptoms
Symptoms of tertiary hyperparathyroidism may include bone pain, kidney stones, excessive urination, abdominal pain, tiredness, and weakness. It can also lead to complications such as osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, and kidney failure.
Causes
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is usually caused by long-term secondary hyperparathyroidism, often due to chronic kidney disease. The parathyroid glands become hyperactive and produce too much PTH, even when the blood calcium levels are high.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of tertiary hyperparathyroidism involves blood tests to measure levels of PTH, calcium, and phosphorus. Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may also be used to check the size and location of the parathyroid glands.
Treatment
Treatment options for tertiary hyperparathyroidism include medications to lower blood calcium levels, vitamin D therapy, and surgery to remove the overactive parathyroid glands.
Related Terms
- Primary hyperparathyroidism
- Secondary hyperparathyroidism
- Parathyroidectomy
- Parathyroid hormone
- Chronic kidney disease
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
- Wikipedia's article - Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
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