Tourette Syndrome
Tourette Syndrome
Tourette Syndrome (pronounced: tuh-RET SIN-drohm), also known as TS, is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics. The disorder is named for Dr. Georges Gilles de la Tourette, the pioneering French neurologist who in 1885 first described the condition in an 86-year-old French noblewoman.
Etymology
The term "Tourette Syndrome" is named after Georges Gilles de la Tourette, a French physician and neurologist, who first described the syndrome in 1885. The word "syndrome" comes from the Greek "σύνδρομον" (sýndromon), meaning "concurrence of symptoms, concourse, concurrence".
Symptoms
The early symptoms of Tourette Syndrome are typically noticed first in childhood, with the average onset between the ages of 3 and 9 years. People with TS may experience tics, which are sudden, rapid, repetitive movements or sounds. Tics can be simple or complex and may involve different muscle groups.
Causes
The exact cause of Tourette Syndrome is unknown, but it is well established that both genetic and environmental factors are involved. Brain abnormalities may also play a role. The disorder is four times as likely to occur in boys as in girls.
Treatment
While there is no cure for Tourette Syndrome, treatments are available. Many people with TS experience significant improvement in their tic symptoms by the early adulthood. The most effective treatments are often a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and behavioral therapies.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tourette Syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Tourette Syndrome
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