Toxic megacolon

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Toxic Megacolon

Toxic megacolon (pronounced: tɒksɪk mɛgəˌkoʊlən) is a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of inflammatory bowel disease or infections of the colon. The term is derived from the Greek words "toxikos" (meaning poisonous) and "megacolon" (meaning large intestine).

Definition

Toxic megacolon is characterized by a rapid and severe enlargement of the colon, accompanied by abdominal pain, fever, bloating, and diarrhea. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment.

Causes

The most common causes of toxic megacolon are Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease, two types of inflammatory bowel disease. Other causes can include bacterial infections, such as Clostridium difficile, and certain types of parasitic infections.

Symptoms

Symptoms of toxic megacolon can include severe abdominal pain, bloating, fever, rapid heart rate, and diarrhea. In severe cases, it can lead to septic shock and can be life-threatening.

Treatment

Treatment for toxic megacolon typically involves hospitalization, intravenous fluids, antibiotics, and in severe cases, surgery to remove the affected portion of the colon.

Related Terms

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