Transamination
Transamination
Transamination (pronunciation: /trænsæmɪˈneɪʃən/), is a chemical reaction that transfers an amino group to a ketoacid to form new amino acids. This pathway is responsible for the deamination of most amino acids. This is one of the major degradation pathways which convert essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids (amino acids that can be synthesized by the body).
Etymology
The term "transamination" is derived from the Latin words "trans" meaning "across" and "aminare" meaning "to furnish with an amino group".
Process
Transamination involves the transfer of an amino group from an amino acid to an alpha-keto acid. The enzymes that catalyze these reactions are called transaminases or aminotransferases. An amino acid undergoes deamination to become an alpha-keto acid, and an alpha-keto acid accepts an amino group to become an amino acid.
Related Terms
- Amino Acid: Amino acids are organic compounds that combine to form proteins. They are essential nutrients that the body needs in large amounts.
- Alpha-Keto Acid: Alpha-Keto acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxylic acid group and a ketone group.
- Aminotransferase: Aminotransferases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of an amino group from a donor molecule to a recipient molecule.
- Deamination: Deamination is the removal of an amino group from a molecule.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Transamination
- Wikipedia's article - Transamination
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