Transgenic
Transgenic
Transgenic (pronunciation: /trænzˈdʒɛnɪk/) refers to an organism that has had genes from another organism inserted into its genetic code. The term is derived from the prefix trans- meaning "across" and genic meaning "pertaining to genes".
Etymology
The term "transgenic" was first used in the late 20th century. It is a combination of the Latin prefix trans- which means "across" or "beyond", and the Greek word genes which means "born of, produced by".
Process
The process of creating a transgenic organism involves the use of recombinant DNA technology. This involves the insertion of one or more genes from one organism into the DNA of another organism. The inserted genes are known as transgenes and they can come from the same species or from different species.
Applications
Transgenic organisms have a wide range of applications in various fields such as agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology. In agriculture, transgenic crops are developed to increase yield, improve nutritional value, and enhance resistance to pests and diseases. In medicine, transgenic animals are used for research purposes and for the production of pharmaceuticals. In biotechnology, transgenic bacteria are used to produce proteins and other substances for industrial use.
Related Terms
- Genetic Engineering: The process of manually adding new DNA to an organism.
- Genetically Modified Organism (GMO): An organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
- Gene Therapy: The therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Transgenic
- Wikipedia's article - Transgenic
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