Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma cruzi (pronounced: tri-pan-o-so-ma kru-zi) is a protozoan parasite that is the causative agent of Chagas disease. This disease is primarily transmitted to humans by the feces of triatomine bugs, also known as "kissing bugs".
Etymology
The name Trypanosoma cruzi is derived from the genus Trypanosoma, which comes from the Greek words trypanon meaning "borer" and soma meaning "body", and cruzi, in honor of the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who first described the parasite in 1909.
Life Cycle
The life cycle of Trypanosoma cruzi involves two hosts: a vector (the triatomine bug) and a mammal (including humans). The parasite exists in different forms during its life cycle: the trypomastigote form in the mammalian host and the epimastigote form in the insect vector.
Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi can lead to Chagas disease, which has two phases: the acute phase and the chronic phase. Symptoms in the acute phase include fever, fatigue, body aches, and swelling around the site of infection. In the chronic phase, the disease can lead to serious heart and digestive problems.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection is typically made through serological tests that detect antibodies against the parasite. Treatment involves antiparasitic drugs, such as benznidazole and nifurtimox.
Prevention
Prevention strategies for Trypanosoma cruzi infection include vector control, screening of blood donors, and treatment of infected individuals to prevent disease transmission.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Trypanosoma cruzi
- Wikipedia's article - Trypanosoma cruzi
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