Tuberculosis management
Tuberculosis management
Tuberculosis management refers to the medical approach to the prevention and treatment of Tuberculosis (pronounced: too-ber-kyuh-LOH-sis), a contagious infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body.
Etymology
The term "Tuberculosis" is derived from the Latin word 'tuberculum' meaning a small swelling, and the suffix '-osis' denoting a condition. The term was first used in 1839 by J. L. Schönlein.
Prevention
Prevention of Tuberculosis involves a two-pronged approach: vaccination and public health measures. The BCG vaccine (pronounced: bee-see-jee vak-seen) is often given to children in countries where Tuberculosis is common. Public health measures include identifying and treating people with active TB and providing them with Antituberculosis medication to prevent the spread of the disease.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. The most common diagnostic test is the Tuberculin skin test, also known as the Mantoux test. Other tests include Chest X-ray and Sputum culture.
Treatment
Treatment for Tuberculosis typically involves a long course of Antibiotics. The most commonly used antibiotics include Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol. Treatment duration usually lasts for at least six months and may be extended if the disease is drug-resistant.
Drug-resistant Tuberculosis
Drug-resistant Tuberculosis is a form of the disease that does not respond to the most powerful first-line anti-TB drugs. It is a serious public health issue that requires complex and costly treatment.
Related terms
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis: The bacterium that causes Tuberculosis.
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis that affects the lungs.
- Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis that affects organs other than the lungs.
- Latent Tuberculosis: A state in which the person is infected with the bacteria but does not have active disease.
- Active Tuberculosis: A state in which the person is infected with the bacteria and has symptoms of the disease.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tuberculosis management
- Wikipedia's article - Tuberculosis management
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