Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan (pronunciation: /tɜːrkˈmɛnɪstæn/ or /tɜːrkmɛnɪˈstɑːn/), officially known as the Republic of Turkmenistan, is a country located in Central Asia. It is bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Iran, and the Caspian Sea.
Etymology
The name "Turkmenistan" is derived from Persian, meaning "land of the Turkmen". The name "Turkmen" comes from "Turk", a reference to the Turkic peoples, and the Persian suffix "-men", meaning "almost Turk".
Geography
Turkmenistan is the world's 52nd-largest country. It is slightly larger than Spain and somewhat smaller than the US state of California. It has a diverse environment, with the Karakum Desert covering approximately 80% of the country.
History
Turkmenistan has a rich history, with settlements dating back to the Bronze Age. It was part of the Achaemenid Empire, the Seljuk Empire, the Mongol Empire, and the Russian Empire before gaining independence in 1991.
Economy
Turkmenistan's economy is heavily dependent on natural gas exports, with one of the largest gas reserves in the world. Other significant sectors include agriculture, particularly cotton, and the textile industry.
Culture
Turkmen culture is rich and diverse, with strong influences from Turkic, Persian, Islamic, and Russian traditions. The official language is Turkmen, and the majority religion is Islam.
Health
Turkmenistan's healthcare system has faced significant challenges since independence, including a lack of funding and trained personnel. However, the government has made efforts to improve healthcare infrastructure and services.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Turkmenistan
- Wikipedia's article - Turkmenistan
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