Uterotonic

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Uterotonic

Uterotonic (pronounced: yoo-ter-oh-ton-ik) is a term used in Obstetrics and Gynecology to refer to medications or substances that cause contraction or the shortening of the Uterus.

Etymology

The term 'Uterotonic' is derived from two Greek words: 'hystera' meaning womb and 'tonikos' meaning capable of stretching.

Usage

Uterotonics are primarily used to prevent and treat Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH), a leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide. They are also used during labor to induce or augment contractions.

Types of Uterotonics

There are several types of uterotonics, including:

  • Oxytocin: A hormone produced in the hypothalamus and secreted by the pituitary gland. It is the most commonly used uterotonic for the prevention of PPH.
  • Ergometrine: An alkaloid derived from the ergot fungus. It is used in combination with oxytocin for the prevention of PPH.
  • Misoprostol: A synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue. It is used when oxytocin and ergometrine are not available or contraindicated.
  • Prostaglandins: A group of hormone-like substances that participate in a wide range of body functions such as the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle, the dilation and constriction of blood vessels, control of blood pressure, and modulation of inflammation.

Related Terms

  • Oxytocin: A hormone that causes increased contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulates the ejection of milk into the ducts of the breasts.
  • Ergometrine: A medication used to cause contractions of the uterus to treat heavy vaginal bleeding after childbirth.
  • Misoprostol: A medication used to start labor, cause an abortion, prevent and treat stomach ulcers, and treat postpartum bleeding due to poor contraction of the uterus.
  • Prostaglandins: Any of a group of compounds with varying hormone-like effects.

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