Vertisols
Vertisols
Vertisols (pronounced: ver-ti-sols), from the Latin vertere meaning "to turn" and solum meaning "soil", are a type of soil characterized by a high content of expansive clay known as smectite. They are typically found in regions with a distinct wet and dry season.
Characteristics
Vertisols are dark in color and rich in nutrients. They have a high capacity for water retention, but also have a tendency to crack when dry. These cracks can reach a depth of one meter, allowing for the deep penetration of water and organic matter. This leads to a unique self-ploughing characteristic, where the soil can invert itself, hence the name "Vertisol" from the Latin vertere meaning "to turn".
Formation
Vertisols are formed in areas with a distinct wet and dry season. The wet season allows for the expansion of the clay, while the dry season causes it to contract and crack. This cycle of expansion and contraction leads to the unique self-ploughing characteristic of Vertisols.
Distribution
Vertisols are found worldwide, but are most common in India, Australia, and Sudan. They are also found in the U.S., primarily in Texas and California.
Use
Due to their high nutrient content, Vertisols are often used for agricultural purposes. However, their tendency to crack when dry can make them difficult to manage.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Vertisols
- Wikipedia's article - Vertisols
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