Viral entry
Viral Entry
Viral entry is the process by which viruses enter a cell and initiate an infection. This process is a critical step in the viral life cycle and involves several stages, including attachment, penetration, uncoating, and replication.
Pronunciation
- Viral: /ˈvʌɪrəl/
- Entry: /ˈɛntri/
Etymology
The term "viral entry" is derived from the words "virus", which comes from the Latin virus meaning poison or venom, and "entry", which comes from the Old French entrée meaning entrance.
Process
Viral entry begins with the attachment of the virus to the host cell. This is facilitated by specific interactions between viral proteins and receptors on the cell surface. Following attachment, the virus penetrates the cell membrane through a process known as endocytosis or membrane fusion.
Once inside the cell, the virus uncoats its genome, releasing it into the cytoplasm. The viral genome then hijacks the host cell's machinery to replicate and produce new virus particles. These new viruses are then released from the cell to infect other cells, continuing the cycle of infection.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Viral entry
- Wikipedia's article - Viral entry
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