Xanthine oxidase inhibitor

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Xanthine oxidase inhibitor (pronunciation: zan-thine ox-i-dase in-hib-it-or) is a type of drug that reduces the production of uric acid in the body. It is commonly used in the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia.

Etymology

The term "Xanthine" is derived from the Greek word "xanthos", which means "yellow". This is because xanthine is a yellowish crystalline substance. "Oxidase" refers to the type of enzyme that is inhibited by these drugs. The term "inhibitor" comes from the Latin word "inhibere", which means to restrain or stop.

Mechanism of Action

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors work by blocking the action of the enzyme xanthine oxidase. This enzyme is involved in the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of uric acid. By inhibiting this enzyme, these drugs reduce the amount of uric acid produced in the body.

Examples

Some examples of xanthine oxidase inhibitors include allopurinol and febuxostat. These drugs are often prescribed for patients with gout or hyperuricemia to help reduce the levels of uric acid in their blood.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, xanthine oxidase inhibitors can have side effects. These can include nausea, diarrhea, and rash. In rare cases, these drugs can cause severe allergic reactions.

Related Terms

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