Bumc pharm

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C: Pharmacology Q: Combined oral contraceptives usually consist of an estrogen and ... A: A progestin 3: Steroids 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Flutamide is __ A: An antagonist at the androgen receptor that is used for palliative treatment of prostatic cancer. 3: Steroids 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen-receptor modulator that acts therapeutically as an estrogen ... in bone and as an estrogen ... in breast A: -agonist in bone//-antagonist in breast. 3: Steroids 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Receptors for estrogens, progestins, and androgens are classified as __ A: Ligand-activated transcription factors 3: Steroids 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The first FDA approved recombinant protein therapeutic was ... A: Human insulin. 3: History 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Rational drug design was used to discover ... A: Indinavir. 3: History 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: In the first FDA approved gene therapy protocol, gene delivery was accomplished using ... ... A: A retroviral vector. 3: History 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of dopamine is ... ... A: Tyrosine hydroxylase. 3: Biochemistry 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The following structures belong to the basal ganglia __ [4] A: -Striatum//-Globus Pallidum//-Substantia Nigra//-SubThalamus 3: NeuroAnatomy 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The subthalamic neurons, which project to the output structures of the basal ganglia, are ... A: Glutamatergic 3: Neuro 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are associated with an excessive __ A: Inhibition of thalamo-cortical neurons. 3: Neuro 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Most recent research has concluded that the critical neurotransmitter or neuropeptide and brain areas involved in the rewarding effects of abuse substances are ... and the nucl. ... A: -Dopamine//-nucl. Accumbens 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Benzodiazepines can be distinguished from barbiturates because of the following characteristics: A: Overdose from benzodiazepines can be effectively treated by administration of the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil, while there is no antidote for barbiturate overdose. 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: A major problem in the treatment of anxiety disorders is the development of tolerance to longterm treatment. Tolerance can be reduced by which therapeutic regimen? A: Use of short-acting benzodiazepines and partial modulators at the benzodiazepine site 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The anxiolytic effect of benzodiazepines results from: A: Their ability to decrease the EC50 of GABA with respect to GABAA receptor mediated chloride influx 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The major mechanism of terminating the usual interaction of dopamine with its receptors in the CNS is: A: Reuptake by an energy dependent, electroneutral, high affinity transport process that can transport amphetamine. 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The intensity of the euphoric effect of cocaine is: A: Comparable after IV injection and smoking of crack cocaine because of rapid access to the CNS. 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: ... antagonist at adenosine receptors A: Caffeine 3: Mechanism of Action 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Chemical class of amphetamine is ... A: catecholamine 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Analgesic agents are primarily distinguished from anesthetic agents in that: A: Analgesics are more selective for inhibition of the sensation of pain, relative to other sensory modalities. 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Receptors which mediate the primary effects of opioids are: A: Membrane proteins activated by endogenous peptides. 3: CNS 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The rate of onset of anesthesia from a drug like nitrous oxide or isoflurane is primarily determined by: A: The degree of solubility of the agent in blood (blood/gas solubility coefficient). 3: Pharmacodynamics 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Resistance to antiviral agents is characterized by: A: Increase in the IC50 of drugs, as has been shown for drugs acting on viral reverse transcriptase and viral protease. 3: Drug Resistance 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The lack of selectivity of cancer chemotherapeutic agents is primarily manifested clinically by: A: Impaired synthesis in the bone marrow of the cellular elements of blood. 3: Cancer Drugs 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Drug-induced inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase: A: Inhibits DNA synthesis by depleting pools of thymidine nucleotides. 3: Cancer Drugs 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The penicillin drugs are: A: Compounds with a four-membered B-lactam ring required for antibacterial efficacy. 3: Antibacterial 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: Sites of action of emetics used to treat poisonings include: A: Dopaminergic D2 receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. 3: Misc 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: An example of an antidote used in poisonings to increase the inactivation rate of a toxic metabolite is: A: N-acetylcysteine. 3: Misc 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The LD50 of acetaminophen is increased in mice with deletions of genes for: A: Cyp1A2 and Cyp2E1. 3: Misc 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The acute toxicity of organochlorine pesticides such as DDT results from: A: Excessive neural firing due to an effect on the neuronal sodium channel. 3: Poisoning 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The significance of the interaction of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) such as benzopyrene with the Ah receptor is that: A: The rate of conversion of the PAH to mutagenic metabolites is increased. 3: Misc 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: A factor which significantly contributes to the toxic risk of DDT-like pesticides is: A: Chemical stability and high lipophilicity. 3: Misc 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: A reduction of blood supply to the brain or spinal cord: A: Initiates a process of excitotoxic cell death by causing the release of glutamate. 3: Apoptosis 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html

C: Pharmacology Q: The steroid-based drug candidate pregnanolone hemisuccinate: A: Is probably neuroprotective, because it inhibits NMDA receptor activity. 3: Steroids 4: http://www.bumc.bu.edu/www/busm/pharmacology/imp/final-98.html