Transporter reversal

Transporter reversal is the action of reversing a membrane transporter via a process known as phosphorylation. Neurotransmitter transporters normally function as part of the reuptake process, by carrying neurotransmitter chemicals from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm of a presynaptic neuron. When they operate in reverse, they instead carry the neurotransmitter from the cytoplasm into the extracellular space, where it may become capable of binding to postsynaptic receptors. Transporter reversal is utilized by all drugs that act as releasing agents, such as amphetamine.