Fospropofol

Fospropofol (trade name Lusedra ) is an intravenous sedative-hypnotic agent. It is currently approved for use in sedation of adult patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures such as endoscopy.

Clinical applications
Several water-soluble derivatives and prodrugs of the widely used intravenous anesthetic agent propofol have been developed, of which fospropofol has been found to be the most suitable for clinical development thus far. Purported advantages of this water-soluble chemical compound include less pain at the site of intravenous administration, less potential for hyperlipidemia with long-term administration, and less chance for bacteremia. Often, fospropofol is administered in conjunction with an opioid such as fentanyl.

Mechanism of action
Fospropofol is a prodrug of propofol; it is metabolized by alkaline phosphatases to an active metabolite, propofol. Theoretically, one millimole (mmol) of propofol may be generated for each mmol of fospropofol sodium administered. 1.86 mg of fospropofol sodium is the molar equivalent of 1 mg propofol.

Pharmacokinetics
Initial trial results on fospropofol pharmacokinetics were retracted by the investigators. As of 2011, new results were not available.

Controlled substance
Fospropofol is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance in the United States' Controlled Substances Act.