Low-density lipoproteins

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or “bad”) cholesterol is the main source of cholesterol buildup and blockage in the arteries leading to atherosclerosis. It is optimal to have an LDL level lower than 100 mg/dL for most people although those with additional risk factors such as type 2 diabetes should have it much lower at around 75 mg/dL or lower.

Why is LDL important?
The reason LDL cholesterol level is important is because studies have showen that it increases the chance of getting heart disease.

What causes high cholesterol?

 * The most important and often misunderstood factor in cholesterol metabolism is to realize that the liver produces up to 70% of the body's total cholesterol without using any cholesterol from the diet. This production of cholesterol by the liver is mediated by an enzyme called HMG co A reductase using products from Kreb's cycle. The stimulus for this enzyme is insulin.

If a person is insulin resistant, they end up producing a lot of cholesterol even if they limit their dietary cholesterol due to the effects of insulin on the liver.

In fact, misunderstanding this fundamental fact lead to the failed and now withdrawn food pyramid that failed to understand this and assumed all cholesterol is from the diet, leading to a diet that is low in fat and cholesterol which in turn caused insulin resistance leading to worsening of the cholesterol profiles, excess weight gain, increased risk of metabolic syndrome and and a 500% increase in type 2 diabetes.

Other factors that influence cholesterol levels


 * Saturated fat and cholesterol in food may increase your cholesterol level.


 * Being overweight tends to increase your cholesterol level.


 * Physical activity—Being inactive is a risk factor for heart disease. Regular physical activity can help lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol.

Also see


 * High-density lipoprotein
 * Triglycerides
 * Metabolic syndrome
 * Insulin resistance