Physiological movement

Physiological movements or normal movements are the natural movements that occur in human joints. They are also known as osteokinematic movements.

The study of these movements is known as kinesiology.

Body positions to describe physiological movements
Fundamental position

Anatomical position

General descriptions
Flexion

Extension

Abduction

Adduction

Shoulder

 * 1) Flexion
 * 2) Extension
 * 3) Abduction
 * 4) Adduction
 * 5) External rotation
 * 6) Internal rotation
 * 7) Horizontal abduction
 * 8) Horizontal adduction

Elbow

 * 1) Flexion
 * 2) Extension

Wrist

 * 1) Flexion
 * 2) Extension
 * 3) Radial deviation
 * 4) Ulnar deviation

Hip

 * 1) Flexion
 * 2) Extension
 * 3) Abduction
 * 4) Adduction
 * 5) Internal rotation
 * 6) External rotation

Knee

 * 1) Flexion
 * 2) Extension

Ankle

 * 1) Dorsal flexion
 * 2) Plantar flexion
 * 3) Eversion
 * 4) Inversion