List of eponymously named diseases

An eponymous disease is a disease named after a person; usually either a patient suffering from, or the physician first identifying the disease.

Naming systems
Eponyms are a longstanding tradition in Western science and medicine. Being awarded an eponym is regarded as an honor: "Eponymity, not anonymity, is the standard." The scientific and medical communities regard it as bad form to attempt to eponymise oneself.

To discuss something, it must have a name. At a time when medicine lacked tools to investigate underlying causes of many syndromes, the eponym was a convenient way to label a disease.

Some diseases are named after the person who first described the condition—typically by publishing an article in a respected medical journal. Rarely, an eponymous disease is named after a patient, examples being Lou Gehrig's disease, Hartnup disease, and Mortimer's disease. There are at least two eponymous disorders which follow neither of these conventions: Fregoli delusion, and Münchausen syndrome.

Related disease naming structures reference place names (Bornholm disease, Lyme disease, Ebola hemorrhagic fever), and societies, as in the case of Legionnaires' disease. These, however, are not eponyms.

Punctuation
In 1975, the Canadian National Institutes of Health held a conference that discussed the naming of diseases and conditions. This was reported in The Lancet where the conclusion was summarized as: "The possessive use of an eponym should be discontinued, since the author neither had nor owned the disorder." Medical journals, dictionaries and style guides remain divided on this issue. European journals tend towards continued use the possessive, while US journals are largely discontinuing its use.

Autoeponym
An autoeponym is a medical condition named in the honor of the individual who described it or died from the disease Autoeponyms use the possessive or non-possessive form, with the preference to use the non-possessive form for diseases, structures, or procedures named for the physician who first described it (e.g. Alzheimer disease), and the possessive form in cases named for the first patient described (e.g. Lou Gehrig's disease). Therefore, both patients and doctors have been the subject of autoeponyms.

Some examples of autoeponyms include:
 * Huntington's disease: Dr George Huntington diagnosed himself and his father and grandfather with this autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease.
 * Jones fracture: Dr Robert Jones described this break in his foot behind the fifth toe in 1902, broken while dancing.
 * The Prausnitz–Küstner test: In 1921, Prausnitz injected Dr. Küstner's blood into himself to show that the allergic reaction to fish Küstner suffered from had been transferred.
 * Rickettsia: In 1906, Howard Ricketts discovered that the bacteria that causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever is carried by a tick. He injected himself with the pathogen. Ricketts died in 1909 while investigating typhus (Rickettsia prowazakii) in Mexico City.
 * Thomsen's disease: An autosomal dominant myotonia of voluntary muscles described by Julius Thomsen about himself and his family members.
 * Carrion's disease: Peruvian medical student Daniel Alcides Carrión inoculated himself with Bartonella bacilliformis in 1885 to prove the link to this disease, characterized by "oroya fever." He is now regarded as a national hero.
 * Trousseau's sign of malignancy: Dr Armand Trousseau described in the 1860s this clinical sign of hypercoaguable states showing as migratory thrombophlebitis. Late in life, Trousseau diagnosed himself before he died of gastric cancer.
 * Pirogov embalming technique: Dr. Nikolay Pirogov himself was preserved by methods he developed and his body is still on display in a room temperature glass-lid coffin in the Ukraine.

Eponyms and trends
The current trend is away from the use of eponymous disease names, towards a medical name that describes either the cause or primary signs. Reasons for this include:
 * The name confers no information other than historical.
 * There can be a Western bias to the choices.
 * History sometimes shows credit should have gone to a different person.
 * Different countries may have different eponyms for the same disease.
 * Several eponyms may refer to the same disease (for example, amyloid degeneration is also called Abercrombie's disease, Abercrombie's syndrome, and Virchow's syndrome).
 * The same eponym may apply to different diseases, which creates confusion.
 * A number of authors turned out to be Nazis (for example, Wegener's Granulomatosis).

Arguments for maintaining eponyms include:
 * The name may be shorter and more memorable than the medical one (the latter requiring abbreviation to its acronym).
 * Sometimes the medical name proves to be incorrect.
 * The syndrome may have more than one cause, yet it remains useful to consider it as a whole.
 * It continues to respect a person who may otherwise be forgotten.

Explanation of listing sequence
As described above, multiple eponyms can exist for the same disease. Cross-referencing all such alternatives within a single disease entry limits the usefulness of the list for anyone who knows a particular disease only by one of its eponyms. So, each eponym has been listed and linked separately, except those that, if listed separately, would immediately alphabetically precede or succeed another entry for the same disease. Such alternative eponyms, rather than being listed and linked separately, are denoted in an in-line parenthetical entry beginning 'aka' ('also known as').

To assure listing all individuals for whom an eponymous disease is named, the list uses the version that includes the most individual surnames as the linked entry. For an example below, see Aarskog-Scott syndrome, where the alternative (aka) version is the shorter 'Aarskog syndrome'.

Instances where an alternative eponym sequences the same eponymous names differently(e.g., 'Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac', aka Abderhalden–Lignac–Kaufmann) or include other terms (e.g., disease versus syndrome), alphabetical sequence dictates which version is linked versus which is listed as the alternative—unless one version is more common.

A

 * Aarskog–Scott syndrome (aka Aarskog syndrome) – Dagfinn Aarskog, Charles Scott
 * Aase–Smith syndrome (aka Aase syndrome) – Jon Morton Aase, David Weyhe Smith
 * Abdallat–Davis–Farrage syndrome – Adnan Al Abdallat, S.M. Davis, James Robert Farrage
 * Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome (aka Abderhalden–Lignac–Kaufmann disease) – Emil Abderhalden, Eduard Kauffman, George Lignac
 * Abercrombie disease (aka Abercrombie syndrome) – John Abercrombie
 * Achard–Thiers syndrome – Emile Achard, Joseph Thiers
 * Ackerman tumor – Lauren Ackerman
 * Adams–Oliver syndrome – Robert Adams, William Oliver
 * Adams-Stokes syndrome – Robert Adams, William Stokes
 * Addison disease – Thomas Addison
 * Adson–Caffey syndrome – Alfred Washington Adson, I.R. Caffey
 * Aicardi syndrome – Jean Aicardi
 * Aicardi–Goutières syndrome – Jean Aicardi, Francoise Goutieres
 * Alagille syndrome – Daniel Alagille
 * Albers-Schönberg disease – Heinrich Albers-Schönberg
 * Albright syndrome – Fuller Albright
 * Albright–Butler–Bloomberg disease – Fuller Albright, Allan Macy Butler, Esther Bloomberg
 * Albright–Hadorn syndrome – Fuller Albright, Walter Hadorn
 * Alexander disease – William Stuart Alexander
 * Alibert-Bazin syndrome – Jean-Louis-Marc Alibert, Pierre-Antoine-Ernest Bazin
 * Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome (aka Alpers disease, aka Alpers syndrome) – Bernard Jacob Alpers, Huttenlocher
 * Alport syndrome – Arthur Cecil Alport
 * Alström syndrome – Carl Henry Alström
 * Alzheimer disease – Alois Alzheimer
 * Anders disease – James Meschter Anders
 * Andersen disease – Dorothy Andersen
 * Andersen–Tawil syndrome (aka Andersen syndrome) – Ellen Andersen, Al-Rabi Tawil
 * Anderson–Fabry disease – William Anderson, Johannes Fabry
 * Angelman syndrome – Harry Angelman
 * Angelucci syndrome – Arnaldo Angelucci
 * Anton–Babinski syndrome – Gabriel Anton, Joseph Babinski
 * Apert syndrome – Eugène Apert
 * Aran–Duchenne spinal muscular atrophy (aka Aran–Duchenne disease) – François-Amilcar Aran, Guillaume Duchenne
 * Armanni–Ebstein nephropathic change – Luciano Armanni, Wilhelm Ebstein
 * Arnold–Chiari malformation – Julius Arnold, Hans Chiari
 * Arthus phenomenon – Nicolas Maurice Arthus
 * Asherman syndrome – Joseph G. Asherman
 * Asperger syndrome (aka Asperger disorder) – Hans Asperger
 * Avellis syndrome – Georg Avellis
 * Ayerza–Arrillaga syndrome (aka Ayerza–Arrillaga disease, aka Ayerza syndrome, aka Ayerza disease) – Abel Ayerza, Francisco Arrillaga

B

 * Babesiosis – Victor Babeş
 * Babington disease – Benjamin Babington
 * Babinski–Fröhlich syndrome – Joseph Babinski, Alfred Fröhlich
 * Babinski–Froment syndrome – Joseph Babinski, Jules Froment
 * Babinski–Nageotte syndrome – Joseph Babinski, Jean Nageotte
 * Baker cyst – William Morrant Baker
 * Baló's disease or Balo concentric sclerosis – József Mátyás Baló
 * Bamberger disease – Heinrich von Bamberger
 * Bamberger–Marie disease – Eugen von Bamberger, Pierre Marie,
 * Bancroft filariasis – Joseph Bancroft
 * Bang's disease – Bernhard Bang
 * Bankart lesion – Arthur Bankart
 * Bannayan–Riley–Ruvalcaba syndrome – George A. Bannayan, Harris D. Riley, Jr., Rogelio H. A. Ruvalcaba
 * Bannayan–Zonana syndrome – George A. Bannayan, Jonathan Zonana, Harris D. Riley
 * Banti's disease – Guido Banti
 * Bárány syndrome – Robert Bárány
 * Bardet–Biedl syndrome – Georges Bardet, Arthur Biedl
 * Barlow disease – Thomas Barlow
 * Barlow's syndrome – John Barlow
 * Barraquer–Simons syndrome – Luis Barraquer Roviralta, Arthur Simons
 * Barré–Liéou syndrome – Jean Alexandre Barré, Yang-Choen Liéou
 * Barrett's ulcer – Norman Barrett
 * Bart–Pumphrey syndrome – R.S. Bart, R.E. Pumphrey
 * Bartholin cyst – Caspar Bartholin
 * Bartter syndrome – Frederic Bartter
 * Basedow disease – Karl Adolph von Basedow
 * Basedow syndrome – Karl Adolph von Basedow
 * Bassen–Kornzweig syndrome – Frank Bassen, Abraham Kornzweig
 * Baastrup syndrome – Christian Ingerslev Baastrup
 * Batten disease – Frederick Batten
 * Bazin disease – Pierre-Antoine-Ernest Bazin
 * Becker muscular dystrophy – Peter Emil Becker
 * Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome – John Bruce Beckwith, Hans-Rudolf Wiedemann
 * Behçet disease – Hulusi Behçet
 * Bekhterev's disease – Vladimir Bekhterev
 * Bell palsy – Charles Bell
 * Benedikt syndrome – Moritz Benedikt
 * Benjamin syndrome – E. Benjamin
 * Berger's disease – Jean Berger
 * Bergeron disease – Etienne-Jules Bergeron
 * Bernard syndrome – Claude Bernard
 * Bernard–Soulier syndrome – Jean Bernard, Jean Pierre Soulier
 * Bernhardt–Roth paraesthesia – Martin Bernhardt, Vladimir Karlovich Roth
 * Bernheim syndrome – P. I. Bernheim
 * Besnier prurigo – Ernest Henri Besnier
 * Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease – Ernest Henri Besnier, Cæsar Peter Møller Boeck, Jörgen Nilsen Schaumann
 * Biermer anaemia – Michael Anton Biermer
 * Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis – Edwin Bickerstaff
 * Bilharzia – Theodor Maximilian Bilharz
 * Binder's syndrome –
 * Bing-Horton syndrome – Paul Robert Bing, Bayard Taylor Horton
 * Bing–Neel syndrome – Jens Bing, Axel Valdemar Neel
 * Binswanger dementia – Otto Binswanger
 * Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome – Arthur Birt, Georgina Hogg, William Dubé
 * Bland–White–Garland syndrome – Edward Franklin Bland, Paul Dudley White, Joseph Garland
 * Bloch-Sulzberg syndrome – Bruno Bloch, Marion Baldur Sulzberger
 * Bloom syndrome – David Bloom
 * Blount syndrome – Walter Putnam Blount
 * Boerhaave syndrome – Herman Boerhaave
 * Bogorad syndrome – F.A. Bogorad
 * Bonnevie–Ullrich syndrome – Kristine Bonnevie, Otto Ullrich
 * Bourneville–Pringle disease – Désiré-Magloire Bourneville, John James Pringle
 * Bowen disease – John T. Bowen
 * Brachman de Lange syndrome – Winfried Robert Clemens Brachmann, Cornelia Catharina de Lange
 * Brailsford–Morquio syndrome – James Frederick Brailsford, Luís Morquio
 * Brandt syndrome – Thore Edvard Brandt
 * Brenner tumour – Fritz Brenner
 * Brewer kidney – George Emerson Brewer
 * Bright disease – Richard Bright
 * Brill–Symmers disease – Nathan Brill, Douglas Symmers
 * Brill–Zinsser disease – Nathan Brill, Hans Zinsser
 * Briquet syndrome – Paul Briquet
 * Brissaud disease – Édouard Brissaud
 * Brissaud–Sicard syndrome – Édouard Brissaud, Jean-Athanase Sicard
 * Broadbent apoplexy – William Broadbent
 * Brock syndrome – Russell Claude Brock
 * Brodie abscess – Benjamin Collins Brodie
 * Brodie syndrome – Benjamin Collins Brodie
 * Brooke epithelioma – Henry Ambrose Grundy Brooke
 * Brown-Séquard syndrome – Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard
 * Brucellosis – David Bruce
 * Bruck-de Lange disease – Franz Bruck, Cornelia Catharina de Lange
 * Brugada syndrome – Pedro Brugada, Josep Brugada
 * Bruns syndrome – Ludwig Bruns
 * Bruton–Gitlin syndrome – Ogden Carr Bruton, David Gitlin
 * Budd–Chiari syndrome – George Budd, Hans Chiari
 * Buerger disease – Leo Buerger
 * Bumke syndrome – Oswald Conrad Edouard Bumke
 * Bürger–Grütz syndrome – Max Burger, Otto Grutz
 * Burkitt lymphoma – Denis Parsons Burkitt
 * Burnett syndrome – Charles Hoyt Burnett
 * Bywaters syndrome – Eric Bywaters

C

 * Caffey–Silverman syndrome – John Patrick Caffey, William Aaron Silverman
 * Calvé disease – Jacques Calvé
 * Canavan disease – Myrtelle Canavan
 * Cannon disease – Walter Cannon
 * Capgras syndrome – Joseph Capgras
 * Caplan's syndrome – Anthony Caplan
 * Caroli syndrome – Jacques Caroli
 * Carrión's disease – Daniel Alcides Carrión
 * Castleman disease – Benjamin Castleman
 * Céstan–Chenais syndrome – Étienne Jacques Marie Raymond Céstan, Louis Jean Chennais
 * Chagas disease – Carlos Chagas
 * Charcot's disease – Jean-Martin Charcot
 * Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease – Jean-Martin Charcot, Pierre Marie, Howard Henry Tooth
 * Charles Bonnet syndrome – Charles Bonnet
 * Cheadle's disease – Walter Butler Cheadle
 * Chédiak–Higashi syndrome – Alexander Chédiak, Otokata Higashi
 * Chiari malformation – Hans Chiari
 * Chiari–Frommel syndrome – Johann Baptist Chiari, Richard Frommel
 * Chilaiditi syndrome – Demetrius Chilaiditi
 * Christ–Siemens–Touraine syndrome – Josef Christ, Hermann Werner Siemens, Albert Touraine
 * Christensen–Krabbe disease – Erna Christensen, Knud Krabbe
 * Christmas disease – Stephen Christmas
 * Churg–Strauss syndrome – Jacob Churg, Lotte Strauss
 * Claude syndrome – Henri Claude
 * Claude Bernard–Horner syndrome – Claude Bernard, Johann Friedrich Horner
 * Clerambault syndrome – Gaëtan Gatian de Clerambault
 * Clerambault–Kandinsky syndrome – Gaëtan Gatian de Clerambault, Victor Khrisanfovich Kandinsky
 * Coats' disease – George Coats
 * Cock's peculiar tumour – Edward Cock
 * Cockayne syndrome – Edward Alfred Cockayne
 * Cogan's syndrome – David Glendenning Cogan
 * Collet–Sicard syndrome – Frédéric Justin Collet, Jean-Athanase Sicard
 * Concato disease – Luigi Maria Concato
 * Conn's syndrome – Jerome Conn
 * Cooley's anemia – Thomas Benton Cooley
 * Cori Disease – Carl Ferdinand Cori, Gerty Cori
 * Cornelia de Lange syndrome – Cornelia Catharina de Lange
 * Costen syndrome – James Bray Costen
 * Cotard's Syndrome – Jules Cotard
 * Cowden syndrome –
 * Crigler–Najjar syndrome – John Fielding Crigler, Victor Assad Najjar
 * Crocq–Cassirer syndrome – Jean Crocq, Richard Cassirer
 * Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease – Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt, Alfons Maria Jakob
 * Crohn's disease – Burrill Bernard Crohn
 * Cronkhite–Canada syndrome – L. W. Cronkhite, Wilma Canada
 * Crouzon syndrome – Octave Crouzon
 * Cruveilhier–Baumgarten disease – Jean Cruveilhier, Paul Clemens von Baumgarten
 * Cruz disease – Osvaldo Gonçalves Cruz
 * Curling's ulcer – Thomas Blizard Curling
 * Curschmann–Batten–Steinert syndrome – Hans Curschmann, Frederick Batten, Hans Gustav Steinert
 * Cushing's disease – Harvey Cushing
 * Cushing's ulcer – Harvey Cushing

D

 * Da Costa syndrome – Jacob Mendez Da Costa
 * Dalrymple disease – John Dalrymple
 * Danbolt–Closs syndrome – Niels Christian Gauslaa Danbolt, Karl Philipp Closs
 * Dandy–Walker syndrome – Walter Dandy, Arthur Earl Walker
 * De Clérambault's syndrome – Gaëtan Gatian de Clérambault
 * de Quervain's disease – Fritz de Quervain
 * de Quervain's thyroiditis – Fritz de Quervain
 * Dejerine–Sottas disease – Joseph Jules Dejerine, Jules Sottas
 * Dennie–Marfan syndrome – Charles Clayton Dennie, Antoine Marfan
 * Dent's disease – C. E. Dent
 * Denys–Drash syndrome – Pierre Denys, Allan L. Drash
 * Dercum's disease – Francis Xavier Dercum
 * Devic's disease – Eugène Devic
 * DiGeorge syndrome – Angelo DiGeorge
 * Di Guglielmo's disease – Giovanni di Gugliemo
 * Doege-Potter syndrome – Karl W. Doege, Roy P. Potter
 * Donovanosis – Charles Donovan
 * Down syndrome – John Langdon Down
 * Dressler's syndrome – William Dressler
 * Duane syndrome – Alexander Duane
 * Dubin–Johnson syndrome
 * Duchenne–Aran disease – Guillaume Duchenne, François-Amilcar Aran
 * Duchenne muscular dystrophy – Guillaume Benjamin Amand Duchenne
 * Dukes' disease – Clement Dukes
 * Duncan's disease –
 * Duncan's syndrome
 * Dupuytren's contracture – Baron Guillaume Dupuytren
 * Duroziez's disease – Paul Louis Duroziez

E

 * Eales disease – Henry Eales
 * Early-onset Alzheimer disease – Alois Alzheimer
 * Ebstein's anomaly – Wilhelm Ebstein
 * Edwards syndrome – John H. Edwards
 * Ehlers–Danlos syndrome – Edvard Ehlers, Henri-Alexandre Danlos
 * Ehrlichiosis – Paul Ehrlich
 * Ekbom's Syndrome – Karl-Axel Ekbom
 * Erdheim–Chester disease – Jakob Erdheim, William Chester
 * Extramammary Paget's disease – Sir James Paget

F

 * Fabry disease – Johannes Fabry
 * Fanconi anemia – Guido Fanconi
 * Fanconi syndrome – Guido Fanconi
 * Farber disease – Sidney Farber
 * Felty's syndrome – Augustus Roi Felty
 * Fitz-Hugh–Curtis syndrome – Thomas Fitz-Hugh Jr, Arthur Hale Curtis
 * Foix–Alajouanine syndrome – Charles Foix, Théophile Alajouanine
 * Fournier gangrene – Jean Alfred Fournier
 * Forbe's Disease – Gilbert Burnett Forbes
 * Fregoli delusion – Leopoldo Fregoli
 * Friedreich's ataxia – Nikolaus Friedreich
 * Fritsch–Asherman syndrome (aka Fritsch syndrome) – Heinrich Fritsch, Joseph Asherman
 * Fuchs' dystrophy – Ernst Fuchs

G

 * Ganser syndrome –  Sigbert Ganser
 * Gaucher's disease – Philippe Gaucher
 * Ghon focus – Anton Ghon
 * Gilbert syndrome – Augustin Nicolas Gilbert
 * Glanzmann's thrombasthenia – Eduard Glanzmann
 * Goodpasture's syndrome – Ernest Goodpasture
 * Goldenhar syndrome – Maurice Goldenhar
 * Gorlin–Goltz syndrome – Robert J. Gorlin, Robert W. Goltz
 * Gouverneur’s syndrome – French physician R. Gouverneur
 * Graves' disease – Robert James Graves
 * Graves–Basedow disease – Robert James Graves, Karl Adolph von Basedow
 * Grawitz tumor – Paul Albert Grawitz
 * Grinker myelinopathy –
 * Gruber syndrome – Georg Gruber
 * Guillain–Barré syndrome – Georges Guillain, Jean Alexandre Barré
 * Gunther's disease – Hans Gunther

H

 * Hailey–Hailey disease – Hugh Edward Hailey, William Howard Hailey
 * Hallervorden–Spatz disease – Julius Hallervorden, Hugo Spatz
 * Hand–Schüller–Christian disease – Alfred Hand, Artur Schüller, Henry Asbury Christian
 * Hansen's disease – Gerhard Armauer Hansen
 * Hardikar Syndrome – Winita Hardikar
 * Hartnup disease – Hartnup family of London, U.K.
 * Hashimoto thyroiditis – Hashimoto Hakaru
 * Henoch–Schönlein purpura – Eduard Heinrich Henoch, Johann Lukas Schönlein
 * Heyde's syndrome – Edward C. Heyde
 * Hirschsprung disease – Harald Hirschsprung
 * Hodgkin disease, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma – Thomas Hodgkin
 * Horner syndrome – Johann Friedrich Horner
 * Horton headache – Bayard Taylor Horton
 * Huntington's disease – George Huntington

I

 * Illig syndrome – Ruth Illig

J

 * Jaeken's disease – Jaak Jaeken
 * Jakob–Creutzfeldt disease – Alfons Maria Jakob, Hans Gerhard Creutzfeldt
 * Jarvi–Nasu–Hakola disease – O. Jarvi, T. Nasu, P. Hakola

K

 * Kahler's disease – Otto Kahler
 * Kanner syndrome – Leo Kanner
 * Kaposi sarcoma – Moritz Kaposi
 * Kashin–Beck disease – Nicolai Ivanowich Kashin, Evgeny Vladimirovich Bek
 * Kawasaki disease – Tomisaku Kawasaki
 * Kearns–Sayre syndrome – Thomas P. Kearns, George Pomeroy Sayre
 * Kenny syndrome – Frederic Marshal Kenny
 * Kienbock's disease – Robert Kienböck
 * Kikuchi's disease – Masahiro Kikuchi, Y.Fujimoto
 * Kimmelstiel–Wilson disease – Paul Kimmelstiel, Clifford Wilson
 * Kimura's disease – T. Kimura
 * King–Kopetzky syndrome – P. F. King, Samuel J. Kopetzky
 * Kinsbourne syndrome – Marcel Kinsbourne
 * Kjer's optic neuropathy – Poul Kjer
 * Klatskin's tumor – Gerald Klatskin
 * Klinefelter syndrome – Harry Klinefelter
 * Klüver–Bucy syndrome – Heinrich Klüver, Paul Bucy
 * Köhler disease – Alban Köhler
 * Korsakoff syndrome – Sergei Korsakof
 * Kounis syndrome – Nicholas Kounis
 * Krabbe's disease – Knud Haraldsen Krabbe
 * Krukenberg tumor – Friedrich Ernst Krukenberg
 * Kugelberg–Welander disease – Erik Klas Henrik Kugelberg, Lisa Welander
 * Kuttner's tumor –

L

 * Lafora's disease – Gonzalo Rodriguez Lafora
 * Laurence–Moon syndrome – John Zachariah Laurence, Robert Charles Moon
 * Laurence–Moon–Bardet–Biedl syndrome (aka Laurence–Moon–Biedl–Bardet syndrome) – John Zachariah Laurence, Robert Charles Moon, Georges Bardet, Arthur Biedl
 * Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome – Arthur Legg, Jacques Calvé and Georg Perthes
 * Leigh's disease – Denis Archibald Leigh
 * Leiner syndrome – Karl Leiner, André Moussous
 * Leishmaniasis – Sir William Boog Leishman
 * Lejeune’s syndrome – Jérôme Lejeune
 * Lemierre's syndrome – André Lemierre
 * Lenègre's disease – Jean Lenègre
 * Lesch–Nyhan syndrome – Michael Lesch, William Leo Nyhan
 * Letterer–Siwe disease – Erich Letterer, Sture Siwe
 * Lev's disease – Maurice Lev, Jean Lenègre
 * Libman–Sacks disease – Emanuel Libman, Benjamin Sacks
 * Listeriosis – Joseph Lister
 * Lobomycosis – Jorge Lobo
 * Löffler's eosinophilic endocarditis – Wilhelm Löffler
 * Löfgren syndrome – Sven Halvar Löfgren
 * Lou Gehrig's disease – Lou Gehrig
 * Lowe Syndrome – Charles Upton Lowe
 * Ludwig's angina – Wilhelm Friedrich von Ludwig
 * Lynch syndrome – Henry T. Lynch

M

 * Machado–Joseph disease –
 * Marie–Foix–Alajouanine syndrome – Pierre Marie, Charles Foix, Théophile Alajouanine
 * Maladie de Charcot, – Jean-Martin Charcot
 * Mallory–Weiss syndrome – G. Kenneth Mallory, Soma Weiss
 * Mansonelliasis – Sir Patrick Manson
 * Marburg multiple sclerosis – Otto Marburg
 * Marfan syndrome – Antoine Marfan
 * Marshall–Smith syndrome – Richard E. Marshall, David Weyhe Smith
 * May–Hegglin anomaly – Richard May, Robert Hegglin
 * McArdle's Disease – Brian McArdle
 * McCune–Albright syndrome – Donovan James McCune and Fuller Albright
 * Meckel–Gruber syndrome (aka Meckel syndrome) – Johann Meckel, Georg Gruber
 * Meigs' syndrome – Joe Vincent Meigs
 * Ménétrier's disease – Pierre Eugène Ménétrier
 * Ménière’s disease – Prosper Ménière
 * Menkes disease – John Hans Menkes
 * Middleton syndrome –
 * Mikulicz's disease – Jan Mikulicz-Radecki
 * Mondor's disease – Henri Mondor
 * Monge's disease – Carlos Monge
 * Mortimer's disease – First documented by Jonathan Hutchinson, named after his patient Mrs. Mortimer
 * Mucha–Habermann disease –
 * Münchausen syndrome – Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr Baron von Münchhausen
 * Münchausen syndrome by proxy – Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr Baron von Münchhausen
 * Myhre–Riley–Smith syndrome – Jonathan Zonana Riley

N

 * Nasu–Hakola disease – T. Nasu, P. Hakola
 * Noonan syndrome – Jacqueline Noonan

O

 * Ormond's disease – John Kelso Ormond
 * Osgood–Schlatter disease – Robert Bayley Osgood, Carl B. Schlatter
 * Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome – William Osler, Frederick Parkes Weber, Henri Jules Louis Marie Rendu

P

 * Paget's disease of bone (aka Paget's disease) – James Paget
 * Paget's disease of the breast (aka Paget's disease of the nipple) – James Paget
 * Paget's disease of the penis – James Paget
 * Paget's disease of the vulva – James Paget
 * Paget–Schroetter disease (aka Paget–Schroetter syndrome and Paget–von Schrötter disease) – James Paget, Leopold von Schrötter
 * Parkinson's disease – James Parkinson
 * Patau syndrome – Klaus Patau
 * Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease – Friedrich Christoph Pelizaeus, Ludwig Merzbacher
 * Perthes syndrome – Arthur Legg, Jacques Calvé, Georg Perthes
 * Peutz–Jeghers syndrome – Jan Peutz, Harold Jeghers
 * Peyronie's disease – François Gigot de la Peyronie
 * Pick's disease – Arnold Pick
 * Pickardt syndrome – C. R. Pickardt
 * Plummer's disease – Henry Stanley Plummer
 * Poland's syndrome – Alfred Poland
 * Pompe's disease – Johann Cassianius Pompe
 * Pott's disease – Percivall Pott
 * Pott's puffy tumor – Percivall Pott
 * Potocki-Lupski syndrome – Lorraine Potocki, James R. Lupski
 * Potocki-Shaffer syndrome – Lorraine Potocki, Lisa G. Shaffer
 * Potter sequence – Edith Potter
 * Prader–Willi syndrome – Andrea Prader, Heinrich Willi
 * Primrose syndrome – D. A. Primrose
 * Prinzmetal angina – Myron Prinzmetal

Q

 * Quarelli syndrome – G.Quarelli

R

 * Ramsay Hunt syndrome – James Ramsay Hunt
 * Raymond Céstan syndrome – Étienne Jacques Marie Raymond Céstan
 * Raynaud's disease – Maurice Raynaud
 * Refsum's disease – Sigvald Bernhard Refsum
 * Reiter's syndrome – Hans Conrad Julius Reiter
 * Rett Syndrome – Andreas Rett
 * Reye's syndrome – R. Douglas Reye
 * Rickettsiosis – Howard Taylor Ricketts
 * Riddoch syndrome – Dr. George Riddoch
 * Riedel's thyroiditis – Bernhard Riedel
 * Riggs' disease – John M. Riggs (dentist)
 * Riley–Day syndrome – Conrad Milton Riley, Richard Lawrence Day
 * Riley–Smith syndrome – Jonathan Zonana Riley
 * Ritter's disease – Baron Gottfried Ritter von Rittershain
 * Robles disease – (Onchocercosis) – Rodolfo Robles
 * Roger's disease – Henri Louis Roger
 * Rotor syndrome – Arturo Belleza Rotor
 * Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome – Jack Herbert Rubinstein, Hooshang Taybi
 * Russell–Silver syndrome – Alexander Russell, Henry Silver
 * Ruvalcaba–Myhre syndrome – Rogelio H. A. Ruvalcaba
 * Ruvalcaba–Myhre–Smith syndrome – Rogelio H. A. Ruvalcaba
 * Ruzicka Goerz Anton syndrome – T. Ruzicka, G. Goerz, I. Anton-Lamprecht

S

 * Sandhoff disease – Konrad Sandhoff
 * Schamberg's disease – Jay Frank Schamberg
 * Schilder's disease – Paul Ferdinand Schilder
 * Scheuermann's disease – Holger Werfel Scheuermann
 * Schinzel–Giedion syndrome – Albert Schinzel, Andreas Giedion
 * Schnitzler syndrome – Liliane Schnitzler
 * Seaver Cassidy syndrome – Laurie Seaver, Suzanne Cassidy
 * Seligmann's disease – Maxime Seligmann
 * Sever's disease – J.W.Sever
 * Shabbir syndrome – G.Shabbir
 * Sheehan's syndrome – Harold Leeming Sheehan
 * Shprintzen's syndrome – Robert Shprintzen
 * Shwachman–Bodian–Diamond syndrome – Harry Shwachman, Martin Bodian, Louis Klein Diamond
 * Silver–Russell syndrome (aka Silver–Russell dwarfism) – Henry Silver, Alexander Russell
 * Simmonds' syndrome – Moritz Simmonds
 * Sipple's syndrome – John H. Sipple
 * Sjogren's syndrome – Henrik Sjögren
 * Sjögren–Larsson syndrome – Torsten Sjögren, Tage Konrad Leopold Larsson
 * Steele–Richardson–Olszewski syndrome –
 * Stevens–Johnson syndrome – Albert Mason Stevens, Frank Chambliss Johnson
 * Sturge–Weber syndrome – William Allen Sturge, Frederick Parkes Weber
 * Still's disease – Sir George Frederick Still
 * Susac's syndrome – John Susac
 * Sutton's disease – Richard Lightburn Sutton

T

 * Takayasu's arteritis – Mikito Takayasu
 * Tay–Sachs disease – Warren Tay, Bernard Sachs
 * Theileriosis – Sir Arnold Theiler
 * Thomsen's disease – Julius Thomsen
 * Tietz syndrome – W.Tietz
 * Tietze's syndrome – Alexander Tietze
 * Tourette syndrome – Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette
 * Treacher Collins syndrome – Edward Treacher Collins
 * Turcot syndrome – Jacques Turcot
 * Turner's syndrome – Henry Turner

U

 * Unverricht–Lundborg disease – Heinrich Unverricht, Herman Bernhard Lundborg
 * Usher syndrome – Charles Usher

V

 * Verner Morrison syndrome
 * Vincent's angina – Henri Vincent
 * Virchow's syndrome – Rudolf Virchow
 * Von Gierke's disease – Edgar von Gierke
 * Von Hippel–Lindau disease – Eugen von Hippel; Arvid Vilhelm Lindau
 * Von Recklinghausen's disease – Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen
 * Von Willebrand's disease – Erik Adolf von Willebrand

W

 * Waardenburg syndrome – Petrus Johannes Waardenburg
 * Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia – Jan G. Waldenström
 * Warkany syndrome – Joseph Warkany
 * Warthin's tumor – Aldred Scott Warthin
 * Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome – Rupert Waterhouse, Carl Friderichsen
 * Watson syndrome – G.H.Watson
 * Weber–Christian disease – Frederick Parkes Weber, Henry Asbury Christian
 * Wegener's granulomatosis – Friedrich Wegener
 * Weil's disease – Adolf Weil
 * Wells syndrome – George Wells (physician)
 * Wermer's syndrome – Paul Wermer
 * Werner's syndrome – Otto Werner
 * Wernicke's encephalopathy – Karl Wernicke
 * Westerhof syndrome – Wiete Westerhof
 * Westerhof Beemer Cormane syndrome – Wiete Westerhof, Frederikus Antonius Beemer, R.H.Cormane
 * Whipple's disease – George Hoyt Whipple
 * Williams syndrome – J. C. P. Willams
 * Wilms' tumor – Max Wilms
 * Wilson's disease – Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson
 * Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome – Alfred Wiskott, Robert Aldrich
 * Wohlfart–Kugelberg–Welander disease – Karl Gunnar Vilhelm Wohlfart, Erik Klas Henrik Kugelberg, Lisa Welander
 * Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome – Louis Wolff, John Parkinson (physician), Paul Dudley White
 * Wolman disease – Moshe Wolman

Y

 * Yesudian syndrome – Paul Yesudian

Z

 * Zellweger syndrome – Hans Zellweger
 * Zieve's syndrome – Leslie Zieve
 * Zollinger–Ellison syndrome – Robert Zollinger, Edwin Ellison