Extrapyramidal system

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Extrapyramidal System

The Extrapyramidal System (pronounced: eks-tra-pi-ram-i-dal sis-tem) is a part of the nervous system that helps to regulate and modulate motor function and movement. The term "extrapyramidal" is derived from the Greek words "extra" meaning outside and "pyramid" referring to the pyramidal tracts of the brain.

Function

The Extrapyramidal System is responsible for the regulation of involuntary reflexes and movement. It works in conjunction with the pyramidal system to ensure smooth, coordinated movement. The system is primarily involved in the control of posture, locomotion, and stereotyped movements such as yawning or laughing.

Components

The Extrapyramidal System is composed of several parts of the brain including the basal ganglia, the substantia nigra, and the red nucleus. These structures work together to control and regulate motor function.

Disorders

Disorders of the Extrapyramidal System can lead to a variety of movement disorders. These include Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and various forms of dystonia. These disorders are often characterized by symptoms such as tremors, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and rigidity.

Treatment

Treatment for disorders of the Extrapyramidal System typically involves medication to manage symptoms. In some cases, surgical interventions such as deep brain stimulation may be used.

See Also

References


External links

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