Absolute refractory period
Absolute refractory period
The Absolute refractory period (pronunciation: ab-so-lute re-frac-to-ry pe-ri-od) is a specific time frame during which a Neuron or Cardiac muscle cell is incapable of initiating another Action potential regardless of the strength of the incoming signal or stimulus.
Etymology
The term is derived from the Latin words 'absolutus', meaning 'unconditional' or 'complete', and 'refractarius', meaning 'stubborn' or 'resistant'. The 'period' part of the term refers to a specific duration of time.
Overview
During the absolute refractory period, the Membrane potential of the cell is being reset following an action potential. This period ensures that action potentials only travel in one direction along a neuron, from the Cell body towards the Axon terminal. It also prevents the overlapping of action potentials, thereby maintaining the discrete nature of nerve impulses.
Related Terms
- Relative refractory period: This is the period immediately following the absolute refractory period, during which a stronger than normal stimulus is required to initiate another action potential.
- Action potential: A short-lasting event in which the electrical membrane potential of a cell rapidly rises and falls.
- Resting potential: The relatively static membrane potential of a cell at rest.
- Hyperpolarization: An increase in the cell's membrane potential, making it more negative and less likely to fire an action potential.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Absolute refractory period
- Wikipedia's article - Absolute refractory period
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