Antabuse

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Antabuse (pronounced: an-TA-byoos, generic name: disulfiram) is a medication used in the treatment of alcoholism. It works by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol, thereby discouraging the individual from consuming it.

Etymology

The term "Antabuse" is derived from its chemical name, diethylthiocarbamoyl, which in turn is a compound of anti- (against) and abuse (misuse). The name signifies the drug's purpose, which is to act against the misuse of alcohol.

Pharmacology

Antabuse works by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase, which is involved in the metabolism of alcohol. When this enzyme is blocked, the body cannot fully metabolize alcohol, leading to an accumulation of a substance called acetaldehyde. High levels of acetaldehyde in the body cause unpleasant symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, flushing, and palpitations. These symptoms deter individuals from consuming alcohol.

Usage

Antabuse is used as part of a comprehensive treatment program for alcoholism, which may also include counseling, psychotherapy, support groups, and other strategies. It is not a cure for alcoholism, but rather a tool to aid in recovery.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Antabuse include drowsiness, tiredness, headache, acne, and metallic or garlic-like taste in the mouth. Severe side effects can include liver damage, heart problems, and severe reactions to small amounts of alcohol.

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