Antifolates

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Antifolates

Antifolates (pronounced: an-ti-fo-lates) are a type of drug that inhibit the function of folic acid, a type of vitamin B that is essential for cell growth and reproduction.

Etymology

The term "antifolate" is derived from the Greek prefix "anti-", meaning against, and "folate", referring to folic acid. Thus, "antifolates" literally means "against folic acid".

Function

Antifolates work by blocking the action of an enzyme called dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), which is necessary for the synthesis of DNA and RNA. By inhibiting this enzyme, antifolates prevent cells from dividing and growing, making them effective in the treatment of certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Types of Antifolates

There are several types of antifolates, including methotrexate, pyrimethamine, and trimethoprim. These drugs are used in the treatment of various conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and certain types of cancer.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, antifolates can cause side effects. These may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and hair loss. In some cases, antifolates can also cause serious side effects, such as liver damage and bone marrow suppression.

Related Terms

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