Mouth diseases

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Mouth Diseases

Mouth diseases or oral diseases refer to the pathological conditions that affect the structures of the mouth, including the teeth, gums, tongue, lips, and the lining of the mouth and throat. Pronounced as /maʊθ dɪˈziːz/, the term originates from the Old English words 'muð' (mouth) and 'disease' (lack of ease).

Types of Mouth Diseases

There are several types of mouth diseases, including:

  • Periodontal disease: Also known as gum disease, it is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place.
  • Dental caries: Commonly known as tooth decay or cavities, it is a breakdown of teeth due to acids made by bacteria.
  • Oral cancer: A type of cancer that develops in the tissues of the mouth or throat.
  • Oral candidiasis: Also known as oral thrush, it is a condition in which the fungus Candida albicans accumulates on the lining of your mouth.
  • Aphthous stomatitis: Commonly known as canker sores, they are small, shallow lesions that develop on the soft tissues in your mouth or at the base of your gums.

Symptoms

Symptoms of mouth diseases can vary depending on the specific disease but may include:

  • Pain or discomfort in the mouth
  • Swelling of the gums
  • White or red patches in the mouth
  • Persistent bad breath
  • Loose teeth
  • Changes in taste or difficulty swallowing

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention and treatment of mouth diseases often involve maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, a healthy diet, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol. Treatment may also include medication, surgery, or other medical procedures, depending on the specific disease.

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