Paratyphoid fever
Paratyphoid Fever
Paratyphoid fever (pronounced: /ˌpærəˈtaɪfɔɪd ˈfiːvər/) is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi. The term "paratyphoid" is derived from the Greek words "para" meaning "beside" and "typhos" meaning "smoky or hazy", indicating its similarity to typhoid fever.
Symptoms
The symptoms of paratyphoid fever are similar to those of typhoid fever and include high fever, headache, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhoea, and rose spots on the chest. However, paratyphoid fever is generally milder and has a shorter course than typhoid fever.
Transmission
Paratyphoid fever is transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The bacteria are excreted in the faeces and urine of infected individuals, and can survive in the environment for several weeks.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of paratyphoid fever is made by isolating Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi from a blood, bone marrow, or stool sample. Serological tests can also be used to detect antibodies against the bacteria.
Treatment
Treatment for paratyphoid fever involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria, and rehydration therapy to replace fluids lost through diarrhoea or sweating. In severe cases, hospitalisation may be required.
Prevention
Prevention of paratyphoid fever involves good hygiene practices, such as regular hand washing, and safe food and water handling. Vaccination is also available, although it is not as effective as the vaccine for typhoid fever.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Paratyphoid fever
- Wikipedia's article - Paratyphoid fever
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