Sternotomy
Sternotomy (pronounced: stərˈnätəmē) is a surgical procedure that involves making an incision through the sternum, or breastbone, to gain access to the thoracic organs, particularly the heart and lungs.
Etymology
The term "sternotomy" is derived from the Greek words "sternon," which means chest, and "tome," which means cutting.
Procedure
During a sternotomy, the patient is placed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes a vertical incicision in the middle of the chest, cutting through the sternum. This allows the surgeon to open the chest cavity and access the heart and lungs. The procedure is commonly performed for cardiac surgeries, such as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), heart valve repair or replacement, and heart transplant.
Related Terms
- Median Sternotomy: A type of sternotomy where the incision is made along the midline of the sternum.
- Partial Sternotomy: A less invasive form of sternotomy where only part of the sternum is cut.
- Thoracotomy: A surgical procedure where an incision is made into the chest wall. Unlike sternotomy, thoracotomy does not involve cutting the sternum.
Risks and Complications
Like any surgical procedure, sternotomy carries certain risks and potential complications. These may include infection, bleeding, damage to surrounding organs and tissues, and complications related to anesthesia. Patients may also experience pain or discomfort in the chest area following the procedure.
Recovery
Recovery from a sternotomy can take several weeks. Patients are typically advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities until the sternum has fully healed. Pain management, physical therapy, and regular follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider are important aspects of the recovery process.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sternotomy
- Wikipedia's article - Sternotomy
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