Gas laws
Gas laws
Gas laws (/ɡæs lɔːz/) are a set of physical principles that describe the behavior of gases. These laws are fundamental to understanding the properties and interactions of gases in various conditions.
Etymology
The term "gas laws" is derived from the nature of its subject matter. The word "gas" is traced back to the 17th century, originating from the Greek word "chaos", referring to a substance that fills a space. The term "law" is used in the context of a scientific principle that is universally applicable.
Definition
Gas laws are a series of statements that summarize the behavior of gases. They describe how gases tend to expand when heated, increase in pressure under compression, and occupy the full volume of their containers. The primary gas laws include Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, Avogadro's Law, and the Ideal Gas Law.
Boyle's Law
Boyle's Law states that the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship when temperature is held constant.
Charles's Law
Charles's Law states that the volume and absolute temperature of a gas have a direct relationship when the pressure is held constant.
Avogadro's Law
Avogadro's Law states that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules.
Ideal Gas Law
The Ideal Gas Law is a combination of the previous laws and introduces the gas constant. It states that the pressure multiplied by the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas and the absolute temperature.
Related Terms
- Thermodynamics: The branch of physics that deals with heat and temperature, and their relation to energy and work.
- Pressure: The force exerted per unit area.
- Volume: The amount of space that a substance or object occupies.
- Temperature: A measure of the hotness or coldness of a body or environment.
- Mole (unit): The base unit of amount of substance in the International System of Units (SI).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gas laws
- Wikipedia's article - Gas laws
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