Neutralizing antibody
Neutralizing antibody
Neutralizing antibody (pronunciation: /ˈnjuːtrəlaɪzɪŋ ˈæntɪbɒdi/) is a type of antibody that defends a cell from a pathogen or infectious particle by neutralizing any effect it has biologically.
Etymology
The term "neutralizing antibody" is derived from the English words "neutralize" and "antibody". "Neutralize" comes from the Latin word "neutralis", meaning "neither one nor the other", and "antibody" is derived from the Greek words "anti", meaning "against", and "body", meaning "substance".
Function
Neutralizing antibodies are part of the immune system's response to infections, particularly viral infections. They work by binding to the virus and blocking it from entering cells. This prevents the virus from replicating and spreading throughout the body.
Related Terms
- Antibody: A protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances, called antigens.
- Immune system: The body's defense against infectious organisms and other invaders.
- Virus: A small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
- Antigen: A toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Neutralizing antibody
- Wikipedia's article - Neutralizing antibody
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