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== Collateral Circulation == '''Collateral circulation''' (pronunciation: kuh-lat-er-uhl sur-kyuh-ley-shuhn) refers to the alterna

== Collateral (medicine) == '''Collateral''' (pronounced: /kəˈlatərəl/) is a term used in various fields of medic

...Willis''' (''pronunciation: sɜrkl ɒv ˈwɪlɪs'') is a part of the [[cerebral circulation]] system in the brain. It is named after [[Thomas Willis]], a British physi ...s Willis]] (1621–1675), who was a founding member of the [[Royal Society]] and a pioneer in the field of [[neuroanatomy]]. He first described this circula

...[[brain]]. The term originates from the Latin ''cerebrum'', meaning brain, and the Greek ''arteria'', meaning windpipe, which later came to denote arterie ...al arteries]]. These arteries arise from the [[internal carotid arteries]] and the [[vertebral arteries]], respectively. They further divide into smaller

...anastomosis at the base of the brain that provides an important collateral circulation. ...ived from Latin. "Anterior" means "front", "Cerebral" refers to the brain, and "Artery" is a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.

...cruciate ligaments in the human knee: the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). ...ligaments in the knee. The ACL is located in the center of the knee joint and is responsible for preventing the tibia (shin bone) from sliding out in fro

...ial growth factor]] (VEGF) sub-family - a key molecule in [[angiogenesis]] and [[vasculogenesis]], particularly during [[embryogenesis]]. ..."placenta" is from the Latin word for "flat cake", referring to its round and flat appearance. The term "growth factor" refers to substances, such as hor