Double-stranded RNA
Double-stranded RNA
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that consists of two complementary strands, similar to the structure of DNA. The pronunciation of double-stranded RNA is /ˈdʌbəlˌstrændɪd ɑːrɛnˈeɪ/. The term originates from the English words "double" meaning twice as much, "strand" referring to a long, thin structure, and "RNA" which is an acronym for ribonucleic acid.
Structure
Double-stranded RNA is formed when two RNA strands with complementary sequences bind together. This structure is similar to that of DNA, but with the sugar ribose instead of deoxyribose. The two strands are antiparallel, meaning they run in opposite directions.
Function
Double-stranded RNA plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It is involved in the regulation of gene expression through a process known as RNA interference (RNAi). In addition, dsRNA is a key player in the immune response against viral infections.
Related Terms
- RNA: Ribonucleic acid, a molecule that plays a central role in the function of genes.
- DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic instructions in all living things.
- RNA interference: A biological process in which RNA molecules inhibit gene expression.
- Gene expression: The process by which information from a gene is used to create a functional product, usually a protein.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Double-stranded RNA
- Wikipedia's article - Double-stranded RNA
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