African-American culture

Family of slaves in Georgia, circa 1850

Harlem Street rehearsal (125th street)

Hurston-Zora-Neale-LOC

Thelonious Monk, Minton's Playhouse, New York, N.Y., ca. Sept. 1947 (William P. Gottlieb 06191)

Richard Nixon and Duke Ellington 1969

Lil Wayne July 2020

African-American culture encompasses the contributions of African Americans to the culture of the United States, either as part of or distinct from mainstream American culture. The distinct identity of African-American culture is rooted in the historical experience of the African-American people, including the Middle Passage.

History

The history of African-Americans begins with the arrival of enslaved Africans to the American colonies in the 17th century. These people came from various regions of the African continent, bringing with them their own cultures, languages, and traditions. Over time, these diverse groups merged their cultural practices, a process that was significantly influenced by the harsh realities of slavery and discrimination. This amalgamation of African cultures and the experiences of slavery and resistance gave birth to a unique African-American culture.

Music

African-American music is one of the most significant aspects of African-American culture and has had a profound impact on global music. It encompasses a variety of genres, including blues, jazz, gospel, R&B, hip-hop, and soul music, each with its own history and influence. African-American music has played a crucial role in shaping the American music landscape, influencing many other genres and giving voice to social issues and the African-American experience.

Literature

African-American literature is another vital component of the culture, with a rich tradition that includes genres such as poetry, fiction, and drama. Notable African-American authors like Langston Hughes, Toni Morrison, and James Baldwin have explored themes of racial identity, oppression, and liberation, contributing significantly to the broader American literary canon.

Visual Arts

The visual arts have also been an important expression of African-American culture, with artists such as Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden, and Kara Walker using their work to explore themes of race, identity, and history. African-American art has contributed to the global art scene, challenging stereotypes and offering diverse perspectives on the African-American experience.

Cuisine

African-American cuisine, often referred to as "soul food," has its roots in African, Native American, and European cooking. Dishes such as fried chicken, collard greens, and cornbread are staples of the cuisine and reflect the adaptation and survival strategies of African Americans throughout history. This cuisine is celebrated for its creativity, history, and ability to bring communities together.

Religion

Religion plays a significant role in African-American culture, with a majority of African Americans identifying as Christian, predominantly within Protestant denominations. The Black Church has been a central institution, not just as a place of spiritual solace but also as a hub for social and political activism, particularly during the Civil Rights Movement.

Language

African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) is a distinctive dialect that has evolved within African-American communities. It is characterized by its unique grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation, and has been a subject of both celebration and controversy within and outside the African-American community.

Holidays and Celebrations

African-American culture is marked by specific holidays and celebrations, such as Juneteenth, which commemorates the end of slavery in the United States, and Kwanzaa, a festival that celebrates African heritage and culture.

Influence and Legacy

The influence of African-American culture is widespread, affecting global music, fashion, language, and social movements. It is a testament to the resilience, creativity, and spirit of the African-American community and continues to evolve with each generation.