Atrial septum

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Atrial Septum

The Atrial Septum (/ˈeɪtriəl ˈsɛptəm/; from Latin septum, "wall") is an integral part of the human heart that separates the two atria. It plays a crucial role in the proper functioning of the heart by preventing the mixing of blood from the left and right atria.

Anatomy

The Atrial Septum is a thin, muscular structure primarily composed of fibrous tissue. It is located between the right atrium and the left atrium. The upper part of the Atrial Septum, known as the septum secundum, is thick and muscular, while the lower part, the septum primum, is thin and membranous.

Function

The primary function of the Atrial Septum is to separate the oxygen-rich blood in the left atrium from the oxygen-poor blood in the right atrium. This separation is crucial for the efficient functioning of the cardiovascular system.

Clinical Significance

Defects in the Atrial Septum, known as Atrial Septal Defects (ASDs), can lead to a variety of health problems, including heart failure, arrhythmia, and stroke. Treatment for ASDs often involves surgical repair or closure of the defect.

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