Ball and socket joint
Ball and Socket Joint
A Ball and Socket Joint (pronunciation: /bɔːl ænd ˈsɒkɪt dʒɔɪnt/) is a type of synovial joint that allows for free movement in multiple directions.
Etymology
The term "ball and socket" is derived from the joint's resemblance to the mechanical device of the same name. The "ball" refers to the round end of one bone, while the "socket" refers to the concave surface of another bone in which the ball fits.
Anatomy
In a ball and socket joint, the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. This design allows the joint to move in several directions. The most notable examples of ball and socket joints in the human body are the hip joint and the shoulder joint.
Function
The primary function of a ball and socket joint is to provide mobility. These joints allow for movement in multiple planes, including flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. This range of motion makes ball and socket joints crucial for many types of movement, from walking and running to throwing and lifting.
Related Terms
- Synovial Joint: A type of joint that is surrounded by a thick, fluid-filled capsule, allowing for smooth movement between the bones.
- Hip Joint: A ball and socket joint that connects the pelvis to the lower limb.
- Shoulder Joint: A ball and socket joint that connects the upper limb to the trunk of the body.
- Flexion: A movement that decreases the angle between two body parts.
- Extension: A movement that increases the angle between two body parts.
- Adduction: A movement that brings a body part closer to the midline of the body.
- Abduction: A movement that takes a body part away from the midline of the body.
- Rotation: A movement in which a bone or limb pivots or revolves around a single long axis.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ball and socket joint
- Wikipedia's article - Ball and socket joint
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