Birthmarks
Birthmarks
Birthmarks (/ˈbɜːrθmɑːrk/) are a common type of discoloration that appear at birth or shortly thereafter. They can appear anywhere on the body and vary in color, shape, and size.
Etymology
The term "birthmark" comes from the Middle English words "birthe" and "marke", literally meaning a mark present from birth.
Types of Birthmarks
There are two main types of birthmarks: vascular birthmarks and pigmented birthmarks.
- Vascular birthmarks are caused by abnormal blood vessels in or under the skin. Examples include hemangiomas and port-wine stains.
- Pigmented birthmarks are caused by clusters of pigment cells. Examples include Mongolian spots, cafe-au-lait spots, and moles.
Causes
The exact cause of birthmarks is unknown, but they're thought to occur as a result of a localized imbalance in factors controlling the development and migration of skin cells and tissues.
Treatment
Most birthmarks are harmless and don't need treatment. Some eventually fade or disappear. However, some birthmarks may need treatment because of their location, size, potential for bleeding, or for cosmetic reasons. Treatment options include laser therapy, surgery, or medication.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Birthmarks
- Wikipedia's article - Birthmarks
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