Automated external defibrillator

AED open cutout

Introduction

An Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device designed to diagnose and treat life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias through defibrillation, the application of electricity which stops the arrhythmia, allowing the heart to reestablish an effective rhythm. AEDs are an essential tool in the chain of survival for a patient experiencing sudden cardiac arrest.

Usage

AEDs are designed to be simple to use for the layperson. In a typical AED, the user is required to place the device on the patient's chest. The AED then analyzes the patient's heart rhythm and determines if a shock is needed. If it is, the device will use automated voice prompts to guide the user through the process of delivering the shock.

Impact on Survival Rates

Early defibrillation is a critical component in treating cardiac arrest. With every minute that passes without defibrillation, the person's chance of survival decreases by about 10%. Public access defibrillation programs aim to make AEDs widely available to the public in high-traffic areas such as airports, casinos, and sporting venues.

Training and Maintenance

While AEDs are designed to be used by laypersons, it is beneficial to undergo training to increase confidence and efficiency in its use. Courses are often offered by organizations like the American Heart Association and the Red Cross. AEDs also require regular maintenance to ensure they are in working order.

Legal Considerations

In many jurisdictions, the use of an AED by a layperson is protected under "Good Samaritan" laws, which grant immunity to those offering aid in an emergency. However, this varies by jurisdiction and does not always protect individuals from liability.

Summary

An automated external defibrillator (AED) is a portable electronic device that automatically diagnoses the life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia, and is able to treat them through defibrillation, the application of electricity which stops the arrhythmia, allowing the heart to re-establish an effective rhythm.

References

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