Endothelins
Endothelins
Endothelins (pronounced: en-doh-THEL-ins) are a family of proteins that play a key role in the regulation of vascular tone and organ perfusion. They are produced primarily by endothelial cells, which line the inner surface of blood vessels.
Etymology
The term "Endothelins" is derived from the word "endothelium", which refers to the thin layer of cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels. The suffix "-in" is commonly used in biochemistry to denote a protein.
Function
Endothelins are potent vasoconstrictors, meaning they cause blood vessels to narrow. This can increase blood pressure and reduce blood flow to certain areas of the body. They also have a variety of other effects, including promoting inflammation and cell proliferation.
Types
There are three types of endothelins: Endothelin-1, Endothelin-2, and Endothelin-3. Each has a slightly different structure and function, but all are involved in the regulation of vascular tone.
Related Terms
- Vasoconstriction: The narrowing of blood vessels, which increases blood pressure.
- Endothelial cells: Cells that line the inner surface of blood vessels.
- Vascular tone: The degree of constriction or dilation of blood vessels.
- Organ perfusion: The flow of blood through the organs of the body.
Clinical Significance
Abnormal levels of endothelins have been implicated in a number of medical conditions, including hypertension, heart failure, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. As such, they are a target for drug therapy in these conditions.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Endothelins
- Wikipedia's article - Endothelins
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