Esophageal manometry

Esophageal Manometry

Esophageal manometry (pronounced: e-sof-uh-JEE-ul man-OM-uh-tree) is a medical procedure that measures the functionality of the esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The term originates from the Greek words oesophagus meaning gullet, and manos meaning thin or rare, and metron meaning measure.

Procedure

During an esophageal manometry, a thin, flexible tube called a catheter is passed through the nose, down the esophagus, and into the stomach. The catheter is equipped with sensors that can measure the pressure inside the esophagus and LES. This allows doctors to evaluate the muscle contractions that occur when a patient swallows, and determine whether the LES is functioning properly.

Uses

Esophageal manometry is primarily used to diagnose conditions that affect the esophagus, such as achalasia, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and esophageal spasm. It can also be used to evaluate patients who have difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia.

Risks

While esophageal manometry is generally safe, it can cause minor discomfort and side effects such as nosebleeds, sore throat, and, rarely, aspiration pneumonia.

Related Terms

Achalasia: A condition in which the muscles of the lower esophagus fail to relax, preventing food from passing into the stomach.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): A chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, irritating the lining.
Esophageal spasm: A condition characterized by irregular, uncoordinated, or powerful contractions of the esophagus.
Dysphagia: Difficulty or discomfort in swallowing.