Granulocytes
Granulocytes
Granulocytes (pronounced: gran-yuh-lo-sites) are a type of white blood cell that are characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. They are part of the immune system and play a crucial role in the body's defense against pathogens.
Etymology
The term "granulocyte" is derived from the Latin word "granulum," which means "small grain." This is in reference to the granules that are present in these cells.
Types of Granulocytes
There are three types of granulocytes, each with a different function in the immune response:
- Neutrophils - These are the most common type of granulocyte. They are the first to arrive at the site of an infection and are responsible for phagocytosing, or engulfing, pathogens.
- Eosinophils - These cells are involved in the immune response to parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
- Basophils - These are the least common type of granulocyte. They release histamine during an allergic reaction, which causes inflammation and attracts other white blood cells to the site of the infection.
Production and Life Cycle
Granulocytes are produced in the bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis. Once mature, they are released into the bloodstream where they circulate until they are needed. The lifespan of a granulocyte is typically between 6 to 8 hours in the bloodstream, and 1 to 4 days in tissues.
Related Terms
- Leukocytes - This is the general term for all types of white blood cells, including granulocytes.
- Phagocytosis - This is the process by which cells engulf and destroy pathogens.
- Inflammation - This is a response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Granulocytes
- Wikipedia's article - Granulocytes
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