Legal system
Legal System
The Legal System (pronunciation: /ˈliːɡəl ˈsɪstəm/) is a complex framework of rules, principles, and procedures established by the sovereign authority of a country to maintain order and deliver justice. The legal system is an integral part of any society, providing a formal mechanism for dispute resolution and a framework for the establishment of rights and obligations.
Etymology
The term "legal system" is derived from the Latin word "legalis," meaning "pertaining to the law," and the Greek word "systēma," meaning "an organized whole."
Types of Legal Systems
There are several types of legal systems in the world, including:
- Common Law: Originating in England, this system is based on court decisions rather than statutes. It is used in many countries, including the United States and Canada.
- Civil Law: This system, based on written codes, is the most widespread legal system in the world. It is used in many countries, including France and Germany.
- Sharia Law: This is a religious legal system that governs the members of the Islamic faith.
- Customary Law: This system is based on long-standing customs, traditions, and practices.
- Mixed Legal System: This system combines elements of various other legal systems.
Related Terms
- Jurisprudence: The theoretical study of law and legal principles.
- Legislation: The process of making or enacting laws.
- Judiciary: The branch of government that interprets and applies the law.
- Constitution: The fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state or other organization is governed.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Legal system
- Wikipedia's article - Legal system
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