Mixotroph

Mixotrophs are organisms that can use a mix of different sources of energy and carbon, instead of having a single trophic mode on the continuum from complete autotrophy at one end to heterotrophy at the other. It is a compound of the Greek words μικτός (mixtós) = mixed and τροφή (trophḗ) = nourishment.

Overview

In a biological context, a mixotroph can be defined as an organism that can obtain energy and nutrients from a variety of different sources. This is in contrast to autotrophs, which can only obtain energy from light or inorganic chemicals, and heterotrophs, which can only obtain energy from organic compounds.

Types of Mixotrophs

There are two types of mixotrophs: constitutive mixotrophs (CMs) and facultative mixotrophs (FMs).

• Constitutive mixotrophs (CMs) are organisms that perform both photosynthesis and heterotrophy all of the time.
• Facultative mixotrophs (FMs) are organisms that can switch between photosynthesis and heterotrophy depending on environmental conditions.

Role in Aquatic Ecosystems

Mixotrophs can be found in a variety of aquatic ecosystems, including both marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems. They play a crucial role in these ecosystems by contributing to primary production and nutrient cycling.

See Also

• Autotroph
• Heterotroph
• Photosynthesis
• Chemosynthesis

References

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  Mycorrhizal network

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  Traditional classification of mixotrophic protists

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  Pathways used to derive functional groups of planktonic protists

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  Levels in complexity among different types of protist

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  Phaeocystis symbionts within an acantharian host

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  Ecomare schuimalg strand

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  Paramecium bursaria

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  Euglena mutabilis

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  Euglenoid movement

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  Acantharia confocal micrograph