Neuroendocrine system
Neuroendocrine system
The Neuroendocrine system (pronounced: /ˌnʊəroʊɪnˈdɒkrɪn/ system) is a complex biological system that involves the interactions between the nervous system and the endocrine system. The term "neuroendocrine" is derived from the Greek words "neuron" meaning nerve and "endocrine" meaning secreting internally.
Function
The neuroendocrine system is responsible for the regulation of various body processes, including metabolism, growth and development, tissue function, sleep, mood, and reproduction. It achieves this through the production and release of hormones into the bloodstream, which are then transported to target cells throughout the body.
Components
The neuroendocrine system is composed of specialized neuroendocrine cells that are found in both the nervous system and the endocrine system. These cells are capable of producing and releasing hormones. Key components of the neuroendocrine system include the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands.
Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus is a region of the brain that plays a crucial role in the neuroendocrine system. It is responsible for producing and releasing a variety of hormones that regulate many bodily functions.
Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland is a small, pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain. It is often referred to as the "master gland" because it controls the function of many other glands in the body.
Adrenal Glands
The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney. They produce a variety of hormones, including cortisol, adrenaline, and aldosterone, which help to regulate the body's response to stress.
Disorders
Disorders of the neuroendocrine system can lead to a variety of health problems, including diabetes, thyroid disorders, and neuroendocrine tumors. Treatment for these conditions often involves medication to help regulate hormone levels.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Neuroendocrine system
- Wikipedia's article - Neuroendocrine system
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