Reasoning

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Reasoning

Reasoning (/ˈriːzənɪŋ/) is the cognitive process of looking for reasons for beliefs, conclusions, actions or feelings.[1] Humans engage in reasoning to solve problems, make decisions, and justify beliefs and actions.[2]

Etymology

The term "reasoning" is derived from the Old French raisonner meaning "to reason, speak or argue", which in turn is from Latin rationare "to compute, calculate; argue", from ratio "calculation, reason".[3]

Types of Reasoning

There are three types of reasoning: Deductive reasoning, Inductive reasoning, and Abductive reasoning.[4]

  • Deductive reasoning: It is a type of reasoning where the conclusion logically follows from the premises. If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.[5]
  • Inductive reasoning: It is a type of reasoning where the conclusion is reached based on a pattern present in numerous observations.[6]
  • Abductive reasoning: It is a type of reasoning where the conclusion is based on the simplest and most likely explanation.[7]

Related Terms

  • Critical thinking: It is the analysis of facts to form a judgment.
  • Logic: It is the systematic study of the form of valid inference, and the most general laws of truth.
  • Cognition: It refers to the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
  • Rationality: It is the quality or state of being reasonable, based on facts or reason.

See Also

References

External links

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