Reasoning
Reasoning
Reasoning (/ˈriːzənɪŋ/) is the cognitive process of looking for reasons for beliefs, conclusions, actions or feelings.[1] Humans engage in reasoning to solve problems, make decisions, and justify beliefs and actions.[2]
Etymology
The term "reasoning" is derived from the Old French raisonner meaning "to reason, speak or argue", which in turn is from Latin rationare "to compute, calculate; argue", from ratio "calculation, reason".[3]
Types of Reasoning
There are three types of reasoning: Deductive reasoning, Inductive reasoning, and Abductive reasoning.[4]
- Deductive reasoning: It is a type of reasoning where the conclusion logically follows from the premises. If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.[5]
- Inductive reasoning: It is a type of reasoning where the conclusion is reached based on a pattern present in numerous observations.[6]
- Abductive reasoning: It is a type of reasoning where the conclusion is based on the simplest and most likely explanation.[7]
Related Terms
- Critical thinking: It is the analysis of facts to form a judgment.
- Logic: It is the systematic study of the form of valid inference, and the most general laws of truth.
- Cognition: It refers to the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.
- Rationality: It is the quality or state of being reasonable, based on facts or reason.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Reasoning
- Wikipedia's article - Reasoning
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