Serotonin receptor

The Serotonin receptor (pronounced: sɛrəˈtoʊnɪn rɪˈsɛptər), also known as 5-HT receptor, is a type of receptor that interacts with the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).

Etymology

The term "Serotonin" is derived from its discovery when it was isolated in 1948 by Maurice M. Rapport and initially classified as a serum agent that affected vascular tone. The term "receptor" is derived from the Latin word "recipere" which means "to receive".

Types of Serotonin Receptors

There are seven types of serotonin receptors: 5-HT1, 5-HT2, 5-HT3, 5-HT4, 5-HT5, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7. Each type has different subtypes, and they are all G protein-coupled receptors, except for the 5-HT3 receptor which is a ligand-gated ion channel.

5-HT1 receptor - This receptor is inhibitory to adenylate cyclase activity.
5-HT2 receptor - This receptor is excitatory to phospholipase C activity.
5-HT3 receptor - This receptor is a ligand-gated ion channel, which leads to an excitatory response in neurons.
5-HT4 receptor - This receptor is excitatory to adenylate cyclase activity.
5-HT5 receptor - This receptor is inhibitory to adenylate cyclase activity.
5-HT6 receptor - This receptor is excitatory to adenylate cyclase activity.
5-HT7 receptor - This receptor is excitatory to adenylate cyclase activity.

Related Terms

Neurotransmitter - Chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse.
Receptor (biochemistry) - A protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.
G protein-coupled receptor - A large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate signal transduction pathways.
Adenylate cyclase - An enzyme with key regulatory roles in essentially all cells.
Phospholipase C - An enzyme that cleaves phospholipids just before the phosphate group.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Serotonin receptor
Wikipedia's article - Serotonin receptor

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Serotonin receptor