Solvents

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Solvents

Solvents (/ˈsɒlvənts/) are a group of substances that have the ability to dissolve other substances without changing their physical properties. The term is derived from the Latin word solvere, meaning "to loosen or dissolve".

Types of Solvents

There are two main types of solvents: Organic Solvents and Inorganic Solvents. Organic solvents are carbon-based solvents which are derived from living organisms. Inorganic solvents, on the other hand, are not carbon-based and are derived from mineral sources.

Organic Solvents

Organic solvents are typically used in chemical reactions as they can effectively dissolve the reactants. Some common examples of organic solvents include alcohols, ethers, and ketones.

Inorganic Solvents

Inorganic solvents are less commonly used than organic solvents, but they still have important applications in certain fields. For example, water is an inorganic solvent that is commonly used in many biological and chemical processes.

Uses of Solvents

Solvents are used in a wide range of applications, including in the production of paints, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. They are also used in the cleaning industry, for example in dry cleaning.

Health Effects of Solvents

Exposure to certain solvents can have negative health effects, including neurotoxicity, liver damage, and kidney damage. It is therefore important to handle solvents with care and to use appropriate protective equipment.

Environmental Impact of Solvents

The use and disposal of solvents can have a significant impact on the environment. Some solvents can contribute to air pollution, while others can contaminate water sources. It is therefore important to dispose of solvents in a responsible manner.

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