Sympathomimetics
Sympathomimetics
Sympathomimetics (pronounced sim-puh-tho-mim-uh-tiks) are a class of drugs that mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. The term is derived from the Greek words "sympatheia" meaning "sympathy" and "mimesis" meaning "imitation".
Etymology
The term "sympathomimetic" is derived from the Greek words "sympatheia" meaning "sympathy" and "mimesis" meaning "imitation". This is because these drugs mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system, which is often referred to as the "fight or flight" system.
Function
Sympathomimetics work by stimulating receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. This can lead to effects such as increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, and dilation of the airways. These effects can be beneficial in treating conditions such as asthma, shock, and certain heart conditions.
Types of Sympathomimetics
There are several types of sympathomimetics, including:
- Adrenergic agonists: These drugs stimulate the adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include epinephrine and norepinephrine.
- Dopaminergic agonists: These drugs stimulate the dopaminergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. Examples include dopamine and levodopa.
- Mixed agonists: These drugs stimulate both adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. An example is ephedrine.
Side Effects
Like all drugs, sympathomimetics can have side effects. These can include tachycardia (rapid heart rate), hypertension (high blood pressure), and palpitations (feeling of a racing or pounding heart).
Related Terms
- Sympatholytics: These are drugs that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system. They are often used to treat conditions such as hypertension and anxiety.
- Parasympathomimetics: These are drugs that mimic the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for "rest and digest" functions.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sympathomimetics
- Wikipedia's article - Sympathomimetics
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