5-HT3 receptor
5-HT3 receptor
The 5-HT3 receptor (pronounced as five H T three receptor) is a type of serotonin receptor, or 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, that is primarily found in the brain and gastrointestinal tract. It is a member of the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), and is specifically a type of ligand-gated ion channel.
Etymology
The term "5-HT3 receptor" is derived from its chemical name, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, which in turn is named for its ability to bind to serotonin, a neurotransmitter that is chemically known as 5-hydroxytryptamine.
Function
The 5-HT3 receptor plays a key role in the neurotransmission process. When serotonin binds to the 5-HT3 receptor, it causes the receptor to open its ion channel, which allows positively charged ions to flow into the cell. This influx of ions triggers an electrical signal that is sent to the brain, leading to various physiological responses.
Clinical significance
5-HT3 receptors are the target of a class of medications known as 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, which are commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and postoperative recovery. These drugs work by blocking the action of serotonin at the 5-HT3 receptor, thereby preventing the receptor from sending signals to the brain that trigger feelings of nausea and vomiting.
Related terms
- Serotonin
- G protein-coupled receptor
- Ligand-gated ion channel
- Neurotransmission
- 5-HT3 receptor antagonist
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on 5-HT3 receptor
- Wikipedia's article - 5-HT3 receptor
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