Acid anhydrides
Acid Anhydrides
Acid anhydrides (pronunciation: /ˈæsɪd ænˈhaɪdraɪdz/) are a class of organic compounds that have two acyl groups bound to the same oxygen atom.
Etymology
The term "anhydride" originates from the Greek words 'an-' meaning 'without', and 'hydor' meaning 'water'. This is in reference to the fact that anhydrides are formed by removing water from acids.
Description
Acid anhydrides are typically formed by the condensation of two carboxylic acid molecules, with the elimination of a molecule of water. They are named by replacing the word 'acid' in the parent carboxylic acid with 'anhydride'. For example, the anhydride formed from acetic acid is called acetic anhydride.
Related Terms
- Acyl group: A functional group derived from a carboxylic acid by removal of a hydroxyl group.
- Carboxylic acid: A type of organic compound that contains a carboxyl functional group.
- Condensation reaction: A type of chemical reaction where two molecules combine to form a larger molecule, with the loss of a small molecule.
See Also
- Ester: A compound made by replacing the hydrogen of an acid by an alkyl or other organic group.
- Amide: An organic compound that contains a carbonyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Acid anhydrides
- Wikipedia's article - Acid anhydrides
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