Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (pronunciation: a-kyoot dis-uh-sem-uh-nay-tid en-sef-uh-loh-my-uh-li-tis) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by a brief but widespread attack of inflammation in the brain and spinal cord that damages myelin – the protective covering of nerve fibers.
Etymology
The term Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is derived from the Greek words acute meaning 'sharp or severe', disseminated meaning 'spread over a large area', encephalo referring to the brain, myelo referring to the spinal cord, and itis indicating inflammation.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis typically appear rapidly, beginning with encephalitis-like symptoms such as fever, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting, and in severe cases, seizures and coma. It may also cause neurological symptoms such as vision loss, paralysis, and difficulty coordinating voluntary muscle movements (ataxia).
Causes
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis is often triggered by a viral or bacterial infection. It has been associated with several different types of infections, including measles, rubella, mumps, and Epstein-Barr virus. It can also occur after vaccination, although this is extremely rare.
Treatment
Treatment for Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis typically involves medications to reduce inflammation and swelling in the brain and spinal cord, such as corticosteroids. In severe cases, plasmapheresis or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) may be used.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
- Wikipedia's article - Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
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