Amines
Amines
Amines (/əˈmiːnz/, from Arabic أمين amīn, "faithful") are a class of organic compounds that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group (these may respectively be called alkylamines and arylamines; amines in which both types of substituent are attached to one nitrogen atom may be called alkyl aryl amines).
Etymology
The term "amine" was coined from the root word "ammonia". The word "ammonia" is derived from the name of the Egyptian god Amun, also known as Ammon, who was often represented by the ram, and whose symbol was the ammonite shell. The ammonite shell was used in the production of sal ammoniac, a salt that was used in the early production of ammonia.
Types of Amines
Amines are classified according to the number of carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom. There are three main types of amines:
- Primary amines (Primary amines): One of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by an alkyl or aromatic. Examples include methylamine and ethylamine.
- Secondary amines (Secondary amines): Two of the hydrogen atoms in ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aromatic. Examples include dimethylamine and diethylamine.
- Tertiary amines (Tertiary amines): All three hydrogen atoms in ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aromatic. Examples include trimethylamine and triethylamine.
Related Terms
- Amide: A compound derived from an acid by replacing a hydroxyl group with an amine group.
- Amino Acid: A compound that contains both an amino group and a carboxyl group.
- Ammonia: A compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
- Alkyl: A type of hydrocarbon group that is derived from alkanes by removing a hydrogen atom.
- Aryl: A functional group derived from a simple aromatic ring, most often a phenyl group.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Amines
- Wikipedia's article - Amines
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