Ancestry-informative marker
Ancestry-Informative Marker (AIM)
Ancestry-Informative Marker (AIM) /ˈænˌsɛstri ɪnˈfɔr mə tɪv ˈmɑr kər/ is a type of genetic marker that is significantly more common in certain population groups than others. These markers are used in genetic research and forensic science to estimate the geographical and ethnic origins of an individual.
Etymology
The term "Ancestry-Informative Marker" is derived from its function. "Ancestry" refers to one's family or ethnic descent, "Informative" indicates that these markers provide information, and "Marker" is a term used in genetics to refer to a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.
Function
AIMs are used to estimate individual biogeographical ancestry at the population level. They are particularly useful in studies of human migration patterns, population genetics, and disease susceptibility in different ethnic groups.
Related Terms
- Genetic Marker: A gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.
- Population Group: A group of people with a common ancestry, usually defined by language, culture, or geographic proximity.
- Genetic Research: The study of genes and their functions, including the investigation of gene interactions and their effects on organisms.
- Forensic Science: The application of scientific knowledge and methodology to legal problems and criminal investigations.
- Chromosome: A thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
- Human Migration: The movement by people from one place to another with the intention of settling temporarily or permanently in the new location.
- Population Genetics: The study of genetic variation within populations, and involves the examination and modelling of changes in the frequencies of genes and alleles in populations over time.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ancestry-informative marker
- Wikipedia's article - Ancestry-informative marker
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