Apolipoprotein E
Apolipoprotein E
Apolipoprotein E (pronounced: /ˌæpəˌlaɪpəˈprɔʊtiːn 'i:/), often abbreviated as ApoE, is a class of apolipoprotein that is important in the metabolism of fats in the body.
Etymology
The term "Apolipoprotein E" is derived from the Greek words "apo" (meaning "away from") and "lipos" (meaning "fat"), indicating its role in fat metabolism. The "E" denotes it as the fifth identified member of the apolipoprotein series.
Function
ApoE is a major component of specific lipoproteins, including Chylomicrons, VLDL, and HDL. It plays a crucial role in the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents.
Genetics
The APOE gene is located on chromosome 19 in humans. There are three major isoforms of ApoE in humans: ApoE2, ApoE3, and ApoE4, which are encoded by three alleles: ε2, ε3, and ε4 respectively.
Clinical Significance
ApoE is clinically significant as it is associated with both Alzheimer's disease and Cardiovascular disease. The ε4 allele is a known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and has been found to alter the normal function of ApoE in the brain.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Apolipoprotein E
- Wikipedia's article - Apolipoprotein E
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