Astrovirus
Astrovirus (pronunciation: as-tro-vi-rus) is a type of virus that is primarily known to cause infection in several species, including humans. The name "Astrovirus" (etymology: Astro - star, virus - poison) is derived from the Greek word "Astro", meaning star, due to the star-like appearance of the virus under an electron microscope.
Overview
Astroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses that belong to the family Astroviridae. They are non-enveloped and possess a positive-sense RNA genome. Astroviruses are known to cause gastroenteritis, primarily in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.
Transmission
Astroviruses are typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route, either by direct person-to-person contact or by ingestion of contaminated food or water. They can also be spread through contact with contaminated surfaces.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of an Astrovirus infection include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and sometimes fever. These symptoms usually appear within 24 to 48 hours after exposure to the virus and can last for two to three days.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Astrovirus infection is usually based on the clinical symptoms and can be confirmed by detecting the virus in stool samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or enzyme immunoassay (EIA).
Treatment
There is currently no specific treatment for Astrovirus infection. Management of the infection primarily involves supportive care, including rehydration and symptom management.
Prevention
Prevention of Astrovirus infection involves practicing good hygiene, such as regular hand washing, especially after using the toilet and before preparing or eating food.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Astrovirus
- Wikipedia's article - Astrovirus
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