Attention restoration theory
Attention Restoration Theory
Attention Restoration Theory (pronunciation: ə-ˈten(t)-shən ri-ˈstȯr-ˈā-shən ˈthē-ə-rē), often abbreviated as ART, is a psychological theory that suggests that people can concentrate better after spending time in nature, or even looking at scenes of nature. The theory was developed by Rachel and Stephen Kaplan in the 1980s.
Etymology
The term "Attention Restoration Theory" is derived from its core concept. "Attention" refers to the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things. "Restoration" refers to the process of returning something to a former owner, place, or condition. In this context, it refers to the restoration of the capacity to direct attention. "Theory" is a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something.
Concept
According to the Attention Restoration Theory, urban environments require what Stephen Kaplan refers to as directed attention, which can be mentally exhausting. On the other hand, natural environments invoke a different kind of attention—soft fascination—which allows for reflection and can help restore directed attention capabilities.
Related Terms
- Directed Attention: The ability to concentrate on a specific task while ignoring irrelevant information.
- Soft Fascination: A type of attention proposed by the Kaplans that requires no mental effort and allows for reflection.
- Restorative Environments: Environments that help restore depleted directed attention resources.
See Also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Attention restoration theory
- Wikipedia's article - Attention restoration theory
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