B-cell receptor
B-cell Receptor
The B-cell receptor (pronunciation: /biː-sɛl rɪˈsɛptər/) is a transmembrane receptor protein located on the outer surface of B cells, a type of white blood cell.
Etymology
The term "B-cell receptor" is derived from the name of the cell on which it is found, the B cell. The "B" in B cell stands for the bursa of Fabricius in birds, where B cells mature. In mammals, B cells mature in the bone marrow, which coincidentally also starts with a "B".
Function
The primary function of the B-cell receptor is to bind to specific antigens, allowing the B cell to initiate an immune response. This process is crucial for the body's defense against pathogens.
Structure
The B-cell receptor consists of two parts: an antigen-binding fragment (Fab) and a fragment crystallizable region (Fc). The Fab region is responsible for recognizing and binding to the antigen, while the Fc region communicates with other cells of the immune system.
Related Terms
- Antigen: A substance that triggers an immune response when detected by the body.
- Immune response: The body's defensive reaction to foreign substances.
- B cells: A type of white blood cell that produces antibodies against antigens.
- Antibodies: Proteins produced by B cells that neutralize or destroy antigens.
See Also
- T-cell receptor: A similar receptor found on T cells, another type of white blood cell.
- Immune system: The body's defense system against pathogens.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on B-cell receptor
- Wikipedia's article - B-cell receptor
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