Baroreceptors
Baroreceptors
Baroreceptors (pronounced: /ˌbæroʊrɪˈsɛptərz/) are specialized neurons that detect changes in the blood pressure and help maintain the stability of the blood pressure within the circulatory system. They are a type of mechanoreceptor.
Etymology
The term "baroreceptor" comes from the Greek words baros meaning weight and aisthēsis meaning sensation, thus referring to the receptors that sense changes in pressure.
Function
Baroreceptors are stretch-sensitive mechanoreceptors located in the walls of the heart and blood vessels. They respond to changes in the stretch of the blood vessel wall caused by changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, the blood vessels stretch, which stimulates the baroreceptors. This sends signals to the brain, specifically the medulla oblongata, which then initiates reflexes to lower the blood pressure. Conversely, when blood pressure falls, the blood vessels become less stretched, which decreases the stimulation of the baroreceptors. This leads to reflexes that increase the blood pressure.
Location
Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus at the bifurcation of the carotid artery, and in the aortic arch. These locations are strategic as they allow the baroreceptors to monitor the blood pressure of the blood being supplied to the brain and the rest of the body.
Related Terms
- Carotid sinus
- Aortic arch
- Blood pressure
- Neuron
- Mechanoreceptor
- Medulla oblongata
- Circulatory system
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Baroreceptors
- Wikipedia's article - Baroreceptors
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