Bence Jones protein
Bence Jones Protein
Bence Jones protein (pronunciation: /bɛns dʒoʊnz ˈproʊtiːn/) is a monoclonal globulin protein or immunoglobulin light chain found in the urine, with a molecular weight of 22-24 kDa. Detection of Bence Jones protein may be suggestive of multiple myeloma or Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.
Etymology
The term "Bence Jones protein" is named after the English physician Henry Bence Jones, who first discovered it in 1847.
Related Terms
- Monoclonal Gammopathy: A condition in which an abnormal amount of protein is found in the blood.
- Immunoglobulin Light Chain: One of the two types of polypeptide chains in an antibody.
- Multiple Myeloma: A cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell normally responsible for producing antibodies.
- Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia: A slow-growing type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by abnormal levels of an antibody called macroglobulin (IgM).
Detection
Bence Jones proteins are detected in urine samples. The most common method of detection is by protein electrophoresis of concentrated urine, but they can also be identified by immunofixation.
Clinical Significance
The presence of Bence Jones protein is a marker of a number of conditions, most notably Multiple Myeloma and Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia. It can also be associated with other conditions such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and some autoimmune diseases.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bence Jones protein
- Wikipedia's article - Bence Jones protein
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